Tarihin Tarihi na Ɗanoma na Farko - 'Yan asali na kabilanci ga Revolt Flag Flag
'Yan asalin ƙasar
Muna magana mai yawa game da Wine Country da "rayuwa mai kyau". Amma, mazaunan farko na Sonoma County, mutanen Pomo, Miwok da Wappo , sun kasance sun san yadda za su rayu. Yawancin tarihin tarihi sun bayyana su a matsayin zaman lafiya. Rayuwa ba ta da wuya tare da dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu yawan gaske da kifaye da namun daji da kuma mintuna. Bugu da kari, a baya, ba su da jinginar gida don damuwa.
Don haka, sun ƙare da lokaci mai yawa don yin dukan waɗannan abubuwan da mutane suke so za su iya yi idan suna da karin lokaci kyauta. Za su iya yin wasa tare da iyalinsu da abokai, suna raira waƙa da rawa, suna rungumar ruhaniya, suna jin daɗi, kuma suna ƙirƙirar fasaha.
Alal misali, 'yan kabilar Pomo sun yi wa] ansu kwanduna da yawa don bukatunsu. Amma, sun kuma sami lokacin da za su bunkasa basirarsu kuma su samar da kwanduna waɗanda ba kawai aikin ba ne amma fasaha da kyau. A gaskiya ma, kwanduna na Pomo suna daga cikin mafi kyawun, idan ba mafi kyawun ba, a duniya. Wasu daga cikin manyan ɗakunan zasu iya samuwa a Smithsonian da Kremlin. Har ila yau, akwai mai kyau a gidan tarihi na Jesse Jesse a Santa Rosa Junior College. Kuma Kwalejin Mendocino County dake Willits ta gina wasu kwanduna ta Elsie Allen. Allen wani shahararren malamin Pomo Indiya ne, mai aiki da kwandon kwando da ke zaune a Danoma County tun daga farkon zuwa 1900.
Aikin makarantar Elsie Allen dake kudu maso yammacin Santa Rosa ana kiransa bayanta.
Ƙungiyoyin Turai na farko
Wasu mutane suna tunanin Sir Frances Drake, dan Ingila na farko da yayi tafiya a fadin duniya, ya sauka a cikin Campbell Cove a Bodega Bay a 1577, a wannan lokacin da yazo. (Kimanin shekaru 50 kafin wannan, Ferdinand Magellan na Portugal shine mutumin farko a cikin tarihin da ya san da shi don ya sa duniya ta kasance.) Amma, a yanzu, babu wanda ya san tabbas inda ya sauka, kuma yana da matsala masu mahimmanci kamar birane a sama da ƙasa. Coast rayuwa don bambanci.
Abin da muka sani shi ne, ƙaddarar da aka kafa ta farko a cikin Danoma County ta wadanda ba 'yan ƙasa ba ya gina ta Ingilishi kuma ba Mutanen Espanya ba. An gina shi ne daga Rasha.
Mutane da yawa 'yan fashi na Rasha sun tafi Alaska don su kashe' yan kwalliya saboda gashin su. Yayinda yawancin yankunan karkara suka ragu, masu safarar sun ci gaba da kudu. A 1812 wani rukuni na cikinsu ya sauka a Bodega Bay kuma suka kafa wani yanki arewa daga can. Suna mai suna "Ross," tsohuwar sunan "Rasha." (Fort Ross yanzu shi ne Jihar California.)
Mutanen Espanya, ba su da farin ciki game da wannan. Suna tafiya ne daga Mexico tare da Ofishin Jakadancin California da ke kusa da jihar California kuma suna da'awar ƙasar don Spain. Sabuwar Rummar Rasha ta yi musu hanzari su hanzarta wucewa ta San Francisco da kuma gina sababbin ofisoshin jakadanci zuwa arewa da kuma karbar yankin kafin kowa ya shiga. Kuma mahaifin Jose Altimira, wani matashi mai matukar farin ciki a Ofishin Jakadancin San Francisco, ya ɗauka cewa shi kawai mutumin ne yi.
Altimira ya hau kan arewa kuma ya duba dukiyar da ke cikin Petaluma, Suisun da Napa. Daga bisani ya zaɓi Valley Sonoma a matsayin wuri mai kyau don zama. Ofishin Jakadancin Francisco Solano, wanda aka fi sani da aikin Sonoma, an gina shi a cikin abin da zai zama garin Sonoma.
A wannan lokacin, Mexico ta rigaya ta nuna 'yancin kai daga Spain, kuma nan da nan bayan haka, gwamnatin Mexico ta yanke shawarar kawar da tsarin aikin gaba daya. Sabili da haka manufa a Sonoma ita ce ta ƙarshe da kuma arewacin da aka gina, kuma ɗayan da aka gina a karkashin mulkin Mexico. Idan ka dubi taswirar za ka ga yadda tasirin Mutanen Espanya da na Mexican ya kasance a kusa da inda aka gina aikin karshe. Yayin da kake zuwa arewa zuwa yankin California, za ku ga yawancin garuruwa da sunayen da suka fara da San da Santa, Los da Las. Santa Rosa ita ce ta ƙarshe.
Kodayake an gina Ofishin Jakadanci na Sonoma don hana mulkin mallaka daga wasu, musamman Rasha, mutanen Rasha ba su da laifi. A gaskiya ma, magoya bayan Fort Ross ba wai kawai sun nuna ne don ƙaddamar da coci na majami'a ba, amma har ma sun kawo zane-zane, fitilu da kararrawa.
Wannan aikin ya girma, amma a cikin shekarun 1830 gwamnatin Mexico ta yanke shawara ta soke tsarin tsarin. Janar Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo mai shekaru 27 ya aika zuwa Sonoma a shekara ta 1835 domin kula da aikin Sonoma. An kuma ba shi umurni don gyara yankin don tabbatar da da'awar Mexico kuma ya hana Rasha daga ci gaba.
Janar Vallejo
Vallejo ya fara aiki a magance ƙasar. Ya dauki kadada 66,000 a Petaluma don kansa kuma ya gina ranch a can. Petaluma Adobe yanzu shi ne Tarihin Tarihi na Tarihi. A yayin da ake aikin Sonoma da San Rafael, yawancin dabbobi da dama daga cikin ma'aikatan Indiya sun kasance suna tunawa da ranakun Vallejo.Sauran ƙasar an rarraba wa wasu, yawancin su a cikin iyalin Yammacin Vallejo.
Mahaifiyarsa, Dona Maria Carrillo, ta ɗauki ƙasa tare da Santa Rosa Creek kuma ta gina Carrillo Adobe, gidan farko na Turai a Santa Rosa Valley. Makarantar Sakandare Maria Carrillo, a garin Santa Rosa a arewa maso gabashin suna suna.
Kyaftin John Rogers Cooper ya auri 'yar'uwar Vallejo Encarnacion kuma ya ɗauki El Molino Rancho wanda yake da Forestville a yau. Rogers ya gina ginin wutar lantarki na farko a jihar, saboda haka sunan "Molino" wanda yake nufin "miki" a cikin Mutanen Espanya. (Aikin makarantar sakandare a Forestville an lasafta shi El Molino.)
Captain Henry Fitche, wanda ya auri wani daga cikin surukin Vallejo, ya sami kyautar Sotoyome, wanda yanzu shine Healdsburg. Fitche ya yi amfani da mafi yawan lokacinsa a San Diego, don haka sai ya aika da Cyrus Alexander don inganta rancho, ya yi alkawarin cewa zai samu 10,000 acres. Alexander ya zaba ƙasar da yanzu yanzu Alexander Valley yake biyan bashinsa.
Mafi yawan ƙasar an ba wa mutane a waje da iyali, da.
Kuma Vallejo ya fita daga cikin hanyarsa don yaudare wasu yankunan Anglo don su samar da hanyoyi da ke kusa da rukuni na Rasha don su rufe Rasha.
Bugu da kari, Rasha bai yi mamakin duk wani abu ba. Wadannan kwanaki, Fort Ross ne ke kula da Parks na jihar, kuma suna rike da ranar al'adun al'adu.
A yayin bikin, ƙungiyar Tattaunawa ta Rundunar Fort Ross ta yi amfani da wani mataki na sake gina wata rana a shekara ta 1836. A cikin jirgin, ma'aikatan Mexico na Sonoma sun nuna a Fort da kuma umurce su su bar. A matsayin wata alama ce ta ƙarfin, Rasha ta kashe makamai. Kuma sai suka kira Mexican cikin ciki.
Amma, maƙwabcin abokantaka sun tashi daga nan bayan haka. Sun kashe mutane da yawa a kusa da kullun kuma sun koma Rasha. Yawancin maza sun dawo da 'yan matan Amirka na' yan asalin Amirka da yara. (Kuma sun dawo da kwandunnan Pomo, wanda ya bayyana dalilin da yasa Kremlin yana da irin wannan kyauta.)
Gwamnatin Mexico ba ta da isasshen lokacin da za a bar baƙin cikin da Rasha ta yi kafin wani sabon barazana ya zo Arewa maso yammacin California: Pioneer Amurka.
A Bear Flag Revolt
'Yan ƙauyen Amirka, waɗanda suka yi labarun labarun ƙasar aljanna ta California, suka jagoranci Sierras da Sonoma. Ƙungiyar Donner Party ta kasance ɗayan ƙungiyar magoya bayan. Biyu daga cikin 'yan mata da suka bar marayu ta wannan hanya mai ban mamaki, sun kasance tare da dangi a Sonoma. Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan mata, Eliza Donner ta rubuta rubutun "Ƙungiyar Donner da kuma mummunar masifa," wanda aka haɗa a littafin California Kamar yadda na ga shi: Na farko-mutumin da ke cikin shekarun farko na California, 1849-1900 (cikakken rubutu ta asusunta za a iya samu a nan.Kamar yadda masu karuwa da yawa suka shiga yankin, tashin hankali ya taso tsakanin sababbin mutanen da kuma California wadanda suka ji cewa ƙasarsu ta ɓace. Vallejo ya rubuta cewa: "Yan gudun hijirar Arewacin Amirka zuwa California a yau ya sanya wata igiya da ke da kullun ... yana da tsoro."
Akwai jita-jita cewa Mexico zai fitar da Amurkawa. Kuma a lokacin rani na 1846, wani jita-jita ya rushe yankin da Mexico ta umarci Amurkawa daga California. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun shiga Sonoma don su fuskanci Janar Vallejo.
Sun kewaye gidansa na Sonoma, kuma kyaftin din ƙungiyar impromptu, Ezekiel Merritt, ya shiga ciki don yin magana da Janar. Bayan sa'o'i da yawa, Merritt bai fito ba. Don haka, wani mutum daga cikin rukuni ya shiga don bincika. Bai fito ko dai ba. A ƙarshe, wani mutum mai suna William Ide ya tafi ya ga abin da ke faruwa. Daga bisani ya rubuta cewa: "A nan ya zauna Merrit - kansa ya faɗi ... kuma akwai sabon wanda ya sanya Kyaftin a matsayin bebe kamar yadda ya zauna.
Gilasar ta yi kusa ta rushe masu kama da shi. "Kamar yadda Janar Vallejo ya kasance, mai kyau mai kyau, yana da matukar alheri don ya ba da alamar wacce za ta kama shi.
Baƙi ba su zama m. Sauran rukuni sun sace Vallejo tare da wasu 'yan iyalinsa da yawa da suka kai su Sacramento, inda aka tsare su har tsawon watanni.
A halin yanzu, ƙungiyar magoya bayan sun yi shelar sabuwar gwamnati. Kuma suka kirkira tutar da kalmomin "California Republic" da kuma hoton da aka yi da grizzly bear. Wasu daga cikin masu kallo sun ce yana kama da alade. Ga alama dai ɗayan ɗan Mary Mary Todd Lincoln ne ya halicci Bear Flag, matar Lincoln shugaban kasar.
Pioneer John Bidwell, wanda ya wallafa yawancin abubuwan da ke kewaye da "Bear Flag Revolt," ya rubuta:
"Daga cikin maza da suka kasance suna riƙe da Sonoma shine William B. Ide, wanda ya zama shugabanci ... Wani mutumin da ya bar Sonoma shi ne William L. Todd wanda ya fentin, a kan wani auduga mai launin ruwan kasa, yadi da rabi ko haka. tsawon, tare da tsohuwar launin ja ko launin ruwan kasa wanda ya faru ya gano, abin da ya nufa ya zama wakilci mai kaifin grizzly. Wannan ya tashi zuwa saman ma'aikatan, wasu saba'in daga ƙasa. 'Yan kallon California sun dubi an ji ana cewa' Coche ', sunan da ake kira a cikin su don alade ko takalma. Fiye da shekaru talatin bayan haka sai na hadu da Todd a kan jirgin da yake zuwa cikin kudancin Sacramento. Bai canza sosai ba, amma ya bayyana da yawa a cikin lafiya. Ya sanar da ni cewa, Mrs. Lincoln ita ce uwarsa, kuma an haife shi a cikin iyalin Ibrahim Lincoln. "
A tsawon kwanaki 22, tutar tutar ta tashi a kan Sonoma yayin da mazauna suka bayyana wa California wata kundin zaman kanta. Amma sai rikici ya zama wani ɓangare na yakin da Amurka ta fi girma a Amurka. Mexico ta ƙare ƙarshe yaƙin kuma ya ceded California zuwa Amurka.
Daga bisani, gobarar da ta bi Girgizar Girgizar 1906 ta ƙone kuma ta lalata alamar tutar. Amma, ruhunsa yana rayuwa. California ta karbi hotunan bear image don takaddamar jihar.
Sashe na 2 na Tarihi na Sonoma County yana zuwa nan da nan.