Mall Mall , a matsayin babban mahimmanci na Washington DC, ya dawo zuwa farkon kafa birnin Washington a matsayin zama na zama na zama na gwamnatin Amurka. Gidan sararin samaniya wanda ake kira da shi yanzu Mall ya samo asali ne tare da ci gaban birnin da kuma al'umma. Wadannan ne taƙaitaccen tarihin tarihin da ci gaban National Mall.
The Enfant Plan da kuma National Mall
A shekara ta 1791, Shugaba George Washington ya nada Pierre Charles L'Enfant, masanin Ingilishi na Faransa da kuma injiniya, don tsara gine-ginen mai nisan kilomita goma a matsayin babban birnin kasar (District of Columbia).
An kafa tasoshin birni a cikin wani grid dake gudana a arewacin kudu da gabas da yamma da "manyan hanyoyi" mai zurfi ta hanyar gicciye grid da da'irori da kuma plazas don ba da damar bude wurare don wuraren tunawa da abubuwan tunawa. Ɗan yaron ya ga "babban hanya" wanda ya kai kimanin kilomita daya a tsakanin Ginin Capitol da kuma wani mutum mai suna George Washington da za a kafa a kudancin fadar White House (inda Washington Washington din ke tsaye a yanzu).
Shirin McMillan na 1901-1902
A 1901, Sanata James McMillan na Michigan ya shirya kwamiti na mashahuriyar gine-ginen, masu zane-zane, da masu zane-zane don tsara sabon shiri na Mall. Shirin McMillan ya shimfiɗa a kan shirin shirin na L'Enfant na asali kuma ya ƙirƙiri National Mall da muka sani a yau. Shirin ya bukaci a sake gina shimfidar wuraren shimfiɗa ta Capitol Grounds, ya shimfiɗa Mall a yammacin kudu da kudu don kafa West da kuma Gabashin Potomac Park, zabi wuraren don tunawa da Lincoln Memorial da Jefferson Memorial da kuma sake komawa tashar jirgin kasa (gina Ƙungiyar Tarayya ) a cikin maƙalar da aka kafa ta hanyar Pennsylvania Avenue, 15th Street, da kuma Mall (Triangle Tarayya).
Mall Mall a karni na 20
A tsakiyar shekarun 1900, Mall ya zama babbar firaministan kasarmu don bukukuwan jama'a, tarurruka na jama'a, zanga-zanga da kuma raguwa. Abubuwa masu ban sha'awa sun hada da 1963 Maris a Birnin Washington, Maris na 1995 a Maris, 2007 Yakin Bakin Yakin Iraqi, Girma Tawagar Gida, Taron Gudanarwar Shugaban kasa, da sauransu.
A cikin karni, Cibiyar Smithsonian ta gina ɗakin gidajen tarihi na duniya (10 cikin duka a yau) a kan Kasuwancin Mall wanda ke ba jama'a damar samun damar tattarawa daga kwari da meteorites zuwa locomotives da sararin samaniya. An gina abubuwan tunawa na kasa a ko'ina cikin karni don girmama 'yan kallo waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen tsara kasarmu.
Mall Mall a yau
Fiye da mutane miliyan 25 sun ziyarci Mall Mall kowace shekara kuma ana bukatar shirin don kula da babban birnin kasar. A shekara ta 2010, an tsara sabon tsarin Mall na kasa don sake farfadowa da sake gina kayan aiki da kayan aiki a kan Mall na kasa don haka zai ci gaba da kasancewa muhimmin mataki ga ayyukan dangi ga al'ummomi masu zuwa. An kafa Aminiya don Mall Mall don taimakawa jama'a wajen samar da wani shiri don biyan bukatun jama'ar Amirka da kuma tallafa wa ma'aikatar kasa ta kasa.
Abubuwan Tarihi masu Tarihi da Dates
- Ginin Ginin Capitol ya fara a 1793.
- An kafa Majalisa ta Smithsonian ta Majalisa a 1847.
- Ginin Tarihin Birnin Washington ya fara ne a 1848 amma bai kammala ba sai 1884.
- An gina tashar Union Union a shekara ta 1907 a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin McMillan, yana barin barin ƙananan jiragen ruwa a kan Mall da kuma kawar da buƙatar Baltimore & Ohio Railroad mota da aka samo a shafin yanar gizon National Art of Art.
- An dasa itatuwan da aka dasa wa kasar Japan a kusa da Tidal Basin a shekarar 1912.
- An ƙaddamar da bikin tunawa da Lincoln a shekarar 1922.
- An kammala tunawa da Thomas Jefferson a 1939
Hukumomi tare da Hukumomi na National Mall
- Shawarar shawara kan Tarihin Tsarin Tarihi (ACHP) - Hukumar tarayya ta ba da shawara ga shugaban kasa da majalisa game da manufofin tsare sirrin kasa.
- Hukumar Fine Arts (CFA) - Hukumar, wadda aka kirkiri a 1910, ta ba da shawara game da zane-zane da fasaha na tsarin gine-ginen don kare mutuncin babban birnin kasar.
- Hukumar Harkokin Kasuwancin {asa ta {asa (NCPC) - Hukumar kula da tsare-tsaren gwamnatin tarayya, wadda ta kafa a 1924, ta ba da shawara game da ayyukan da ke tasiri babban birnin kasar da yankunan da ke kewaye.
- Ofishin Jakadancin kasa / Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta {asa (NPS / NCR) Birnin Washington Metropolitan) A matsayin ma'aikatar Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka, Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka yana kulawa da bayar da sabis ga wuraren shakatawa na Amirka.