Ƙungiyar Metropolitan Cathedral ba tare da wata shakka ba daya daga cikin manyan gine-gine a cibiyar tarihin birnin Mexico . Baya ga muhimmancin addininsa, ya ƙunshi taƙaitaccen ƙarfin ƙarni biyar na fasaha na Mexico da kuma gine-gine. An gina shi a kan gidan Aztec a cikin babban birnin Aztec babban birnin Tenochtitlan, 'yan Spaniards masu zaman kansu sun gina Ikilisiya mafi girma a duk nahiyar Amirka.
Matsayinsa mai girma, tarihinsa mai ban sha'awa da fasaha mai kyau da kuma gine-gine sun kasance daya daga cikin manyan gine-gine a kasar.
Cakidar ita ce wurin zama na Archdiocese na Mexico kuma yana a gefen arewacin Zocalo, babban birnin babban birnin Mexico, kusa da tashar tashar mai masauki na Templo , wadda za ta ba ka ra'ayin abin da wannan wuri yake kamar kafin zuwan Mutanen Espanya a cikin 1500s.
Tarihi na Cathedral Metropolitan
Lokacin da Mutanen Spaniards suka kaddamar da birnin Aztec na garin Hisocin na Tenochtitlan kuma sun yanke shawarar gina sabon birni a kan shi, daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi dacewa shine gina ginin. Sanin wannan, mai mulkin Hernán Cortes ya umarci gina wani coci kuma ya ba Martin de Sepulveda aikin aikin gina shi a kan sauran gidajen Aztec. Daga tsakanin 1524 zuwa 1532, Sepulveda ya gina wani babban coci a gabas-yamma a cikin salon Moorish.
Bayan wasu shekaru, Carlos V ya nada shi babban coci, amma bai dace da yawan masu bauta ba kuma suna da kyau a matsayin babban babban babban birnin New Spain. Wani sabon shiri ya fara ne a karkashin kulawar Claudio de Arciniega, wanda ya jagoranci wahayi daga babban coci a Seville.
An kafa harsashin sabon coci a cikin shekarun 1570, amma masu ginin sun fuskanci kalubale daban-daban da suka jinkirta cikar aikin. Saboda rawanin laushi an tabbatar da cewa yin amfani da limestone zai sa ginin ya nutse gaba daya, saboda haka sai suka sauya zuwa dutse mai tsabta wadda ke da tsayayyar wuya. Babban mummunar ambaliyar ruwa a 1629 ya haifar da jinkirin shekaru da yawa. An kammala gine-ginen a shekarar 1667 amma Sacristy, ɗakunan murmushi da kuma kayan ado na ciki sun kasance daga baya.
Sagrario Metropolitano, a gabas na babban ɓangare na babban coci, aka gina a cikin karni na 18. An riga an tsara shi ne don ajiye ɗakunan ajiya da kuma tufafi na Akbishop, amma yanzu yana zama babban cocin Ikilisiya. Ƙarfin da ke sama da ƙofarsa da tashar hotunan madubi a gefen gabas su ne misalai na kwarai na salon style Churrigueresque .
Gine-gine
Tsarin da aka gina shi ya fi tsawon mita 350 kuma tsawonsa kamu 200; Ƙofofin ɗakunan murmushi sun kai mita 215. Gidan ɗakin murmushi biyu yana dauke da dukkanin karrarawa 25. Za ku lura da hade da nau'i daban-daban a gine-gine da kayan ado, ciki har da Renaissance, Baroque, da Neoclassic.
Hakanan sakamakon shi ne yayatawa amma ko ta yaya jituwa.
Tsarin gine-gine na babban coci shine siffar giciye na Latin. Ikklisiya tana fuskantar kudu maso kudu tare da babban facade a gefen kudancin ginin, tare da ƙofofi uku da kuma atrium. Babbar facade tana da taimako wanda ya nuna alama ta Virgin Mary, wanda aka keɓe shi.
Cikin ciki ya ƙunshi nau'i biyar tare da ɗakunan ɗakuna 14, sacristy, ɗakin ɗalibai, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da crypts. Akwai bagadai guda biyar ko litattafai : bagaden gafartawa, bagaden sarakuna, babban bagaden, bagadin da aka tashe shi, da bagaden da budurwa na Zapopan. Kwalejin Cathedral tana da kayan ado mai kyau a cikin style Baroque, tare da gabobin jiki biyu da kayan kayan da aka samo daga mulkin mallaka na kasar Spain a Asiya. Alal misali, ƙofar da ke kewaye da mawaƙa daga Macao ne.
Cikakken Archbishops an samo a kasa da Al'arshi na Sarakuna. Abin takaici, an rufe shi ne ga baƙi, amma ya zama abin lura cewa dukan mutanen Archbishops na Mexico suna binne a can.
Dole ne-Dubi Ayyuka
Wasu daga cikin shahararrun zane-zane a cikin babban coci sun hada da tunanin tunanin Virgin-fentin by Juan Correa a shekara ta 1689-kuma Macen Apocalypse, Cristobal de Villalpando ya zana hoto na 1685. Gidan sarakunan Sarakuna, wanda Jerónimo de Balbás ya zana a 1718, ya zama mahimmanci kuma ya ƙunshi zane-zane ta Juan Rodriguez Juarez.
Alamar Sinking
Babbar katangar ta babban coci ita ce sakamakon gine-ginen da ke cikin ƙasa. Ba'a ƙayyade tasirin zuwa ga babban coci: dukan birnin yana nutsewa a wani matsakaicin kimanin kimanin ƙafa uku a kowace shekara. Gidan cocin yana gabatar da karar kalubalen, tun da yake yana ɓoyewa, wanda hakan zai iya barazana ga tsarin rayuwa. An yi ƙoƙari iri-iri don kare ginin, amma tun da gine-ginen ya yi nauyi kuma an gina shi a kan harsuna maras tushe, kuma sashin birni duka shine yumɓu mai laushi (wannan ita ce gado na tafkin), yana hana gine-gine daga yin kwance gaba ɗaya. ba zai yiwu ba, don haka maƙasudin motsa jiki a yamma ya fito da tushe domin Ikilisiya za ta nutse daidai.
Ziyarci Cathedral
Ƙungiyar Metropolitan Cathedral tana a arewacin birnin Zócalo na Mexico, a ƙofar tashar Metro na Zócalo a kan layin blue.
Hours: Bude daga karfe 8 zuwa 8 na safe a kowace rana.
Admission: Babu caji don shigar da babban coci. Ana buƙatar kyauta don shigar da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ko sacristy.
Hotuna: An halatta hoto ba tare da yin amfani da filasha ba. Don Allah a kula kada ku rushe ayyukan addini.
Gudun Wuraren Bell: Za ka iya sayan tikitin don ƙananan kuɗi don hawan matakan har zuwa ganuwar ƙwaƙwalwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na yawon shakatawa wanda aka ba shi sau da yawa kowace rana. Akwai wani shinge a cikin babban coci tare da bayani da tikiti. Ba wai kawai an ba da gudun hijira a cikin Mutanen Espanya, amma ra'ayi kawai yana da darajarta (idan matakan ba ku damu da matakai ba kuma ku ji tsoro). Girgizar girgizar kasa a farkon shekara ta 2017 ta haifar da lalacewa a cikin hasumiya, don haka za a iya dakatar da hawan ginin magoya bayan lokaci.