Binciken Bita na Tuntun

Tuntun da aka lalata shi ne a al'adun Amurka amma asalinsa suna murkushewa.

Tilashin zai iya farawa a ƙarshen tsakiyar zamanai lokacin da maigidan ya ba bawansa 'yan kuɗi kaɗan a matsayin faɗar kyakkyawan nufin. A karni na 16, baƙi a harshen Ingilishi ana sa ran su ba da "kuliya" ko kuɗin kuɗi a ƙarshen ziyarar domin su rama ma'aikatan mai shi da suka yi aiki a sama da kuma ayyukan da suka dace.

Kerry Segrave, marubucin "Tipping: Tarihi na Tarihi na Amirka na Social Gratuities," ya bayyana cewa, a shekara ta 1760, 'yan wasa,' yan wasa, da barori mazaunan duniya suna sa ran kullun, suna haifar da babbar kuɗi ga baƙi. The gentry da aristocracy fara koka. Wani yunkurin kawar da makamai a London a shekarar 1764 ya haifar da rioting.

Ba da da ewa ba da daɗewa ba da jimawa baza har zuwa wuraren kasuwanci na Birtaniya, kamar su hotels, pubs, da gidajen abinci. A shekara ta 1800, masanin kimiyya da marubutan Scottish Thomas Carlyle ya yi kuka game da ziyartar wani ma'aikaci a Bell Inn a Gloucester, "Gurasar da aka yi wa wani mai kulawa ya yi kuka game da kyautarsa, wanda na yi la'akari da ladabi. bakan da yake kusa da lada da cin nasara.

Ba a bayyana ba lokacin da kalma "tip" ya zo cikin harshen Turanci amma wasu sunyi tunanin cewa asalin kalmar ta fito ne daga Samuel Johnson. Johnson ya ziyarci wani ɓangare mai dauke da kwayar cutar da ke da alamar "Don Inganta Cutar," da Johnson da sauran baƙi za su sanya tsabar kudi a cikin kwano a duk lokacin da yamma don karɓar sabis mafi kyau.

Wannan nan da nan aka rage ta zuwa "TIP" sa'an nan kuma kawai tip.

Kafin 1840, jama'ar Amirka ba su nuna ba. Amma, bayan yakin basasa, sababbin 'yan asalin Amurka suka ziyarci Turai kuma sun kawo aikin a gida don nuna cewa sun kasance kasashen waje kuma sun san dokoki na genteel. Wani mawallafi na New York Times ya yi gunaguni cewa, lokacin da aka kama shi a Amurka, sai ya yadu da sauri kamar "kwari da weeds."

A cikin shekarun 1900, Amirkawa sun yi la'akari da cewa sun kasance al'ada kuma, a gaskiya, an yi musu sukar da yawa don cin zarafi. 'Yan Ingilishi sun yi iƙirarin cewa "' yanci ne amma ba daidai ba" 'yan Amurkan sunyi yawa, manyan barori sun ji cewa Birtaniya ba su canzawa ba. Bugu da ƙari, wata mujallar Tafiya ta 1908 ta gano cewa jama'ar Amirka sun ci gaba amma sun sami talauci saboda Amirkawa ba su san yadda za su bi da bawa da ma'aikatan ba.

Yayinda ake zubar da jini a Amirka, mutane da dama sun gano cewa, ba za su iya kasancewa ba, ga mulkin demokra] iyya da kuma tsarin Amirka na daidaito. A shekara ta 1891, jaridar Arthur Gaye ya rubuta cewa dole ne a bai wa wani "wanda ake zaton ba shi da mahimmanci ga mai bayarwa, ba kawai a dukiyar duniya ba, har ma a matsayi na zamantakewa." "Tsayar da hankali, da kuma ra'ayoyin da aka yi a kan shi, ya nuna abin da muka bar Turai don tserewa," William Scott ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa na 1916, "The Itching Palm," wanda ya yi jayayya cewa tarkon ya kasance "Ba'amurke" kamar yadda "bautar."

A shekara ta 1904, Cibiyar Anti-Tipping Society of America ta tashi a Georgia, kuma membobinta 100,000 sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kada su ba da kowa ga shekara ɗaya. A shekara ta 1909, Washington ta zama na farko na jihohi shida don aiwatar da doka ta tayar da hankali. Amma, da wuya a tilasta sababbin dokoki, kuma, tun daga 1926, an soke duk wani dokar da aka yi wa magunguna.

Sakamakon sake canzawa a shekarun 1960, lokacin da Congress ya yarda cewa ma'aikata zasu iya samun albashin mafi kyawun idan wani ɓangare na albashin su ya fito ne daga matakai. Sakamakon kuɗi mafi kyau ga ma'aikatan da aka sace su shine $ 2.13, wanda bai canza ba a cikin shekaru 20, idan dai waɗannan ma'aikata sun karbi akalla $ 7.25 a cikin tukwici a kowace awa. Saru Jayaraman, marubucin Behind the Kitchen Door, ya bayyana cewa farashi mafi kyau na $ 2.13 yana nufin cewa cikakken albashin su zai tafi ga haraji kuma sojojin sun tilasta ma'aikata suyi amfani da su.

Sauran sun lura cewa, saboda masu jiran jiragen suna rayuwa a kan shawarwarin su, tayar da hankali a Amurka yana da muhimmanci fiye da son rai, yana da dangantaka da inganci na sabis, kuma yana iya danganta ne akan nuna bambancin kabilanci da jima'i. Masanin Farfesa Michael Lynn a kan bincike, yana nuna cewa wannan tarihin da haɗin gwiwa tare da bada kudi ga masu tada hankali na iya zama dalilin da yasa muke ci gaba da fadada yau.

Lynn ya nuna cewa "ana jin dadi domin muna jin tausayi game da samun mutane suna jiranmu." Wannan batu na Benjamin Franklin ya bayyana a cikin wannan al'amuran al'umma a birnin Paris wanda ya ce, "To ya wuce shi ne ya bayyana jigon jaki: to lallai shine ya bayyana ko da mafi girma."

Don magance matsalolin da yawa daga cikin wadannan matsalolin, wasu gidajen cin abinci na Amurka, irin su Sushi Yasuda da Riki Restaurant, sunyi labarai don hana cin abinci a gidajen abincin su, maimakon haka, suna biya biyan bukatun su. A cikin shekarar 2015, wasu kungiyoyin gidan abinci sun dakatar da shawarwari.