Kada mu manta: Pearl Harbor - Disamba 7, 1941

01 na 08

Gaddara zuwa War - An ƙaddamar da Shirin Yakin

Rashin gwagwarmayar yaki tsakanin Amurka da Japan a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, 1941 ya kasance, a hanyoyi da dama, wanda ba zai yiwu ba. Hanyoyin man fetur da daskarewa na dukiyar Japan a lokacin rani na 1941 sun kasance alamun manufofin 'yan adawa na kasashen waje na adawa da ta'addanci da cin nasara a kasar Sin da kudu maso gabashin kasar.

Manufar Jafananci na ɗaya daga cikin wadanda basu amincewa ba. Bukatar karin albarkatu ya zama mafi girma.

Da zarar an cimma matsananciyar lamari ne kawai lokaci ne kafin yakin ya fadi, amma lokacin rani da fall na 1941 ne bangarori biyu ke buƙata don shirya don bazawa.

Gwamnatin farar hula a kasar Japan sun yi fatan samun sulhu na zaman lafiya. 'Yan bindiga sun bukaci lokaci don tsara shirin. Har ila yau {asar Amirka na bukatar lokacin da za a shirya don ya} i, a gaban gida, da kuma} arfafa sojojinsa da sojojin sojan ruwa a cikin Pacific.

Lokacin da aka nada Janar Hiddeki Tojo firaministan kasar Japan a tsakiyar watan Oktoba 1941, duk wani damar samun sulhu ya tafi. A farkon watan Nuwamba, sojojin sojan kasar Japan sun kammala yarjejeniyar "Central Agreement" wanda ke nuna shirin da za a yi nasara.

Babban ɓangare na wannan makirci ya shafi halakar Ƙasar Amirka ta Pacific Fleet da ke zaune a Pearl Harbor. An kammala shirin yakin.

02 na 08

Shin Shugabannin Amirka sun san Kullun a Ci gaba?

Duk da yake tarihin bai canzawa ba sau da yawa rashin yarjejeniya ta hanyar masana tarihi na ainihin cikakkun bayanai game da manyan abubuwan da suka faru. Masu tarihi za su yi jayayya har abada game da yadda aka sani gwamnatin Amurka na daga cikin harin. Akwai maƙirari mai karfi cewa shugabanninmu suna da masaniya kan kai hari a gaba kuma basu yi wani abu ba don hana shi. Idan da kai harin a kan Pearl Harbor bai faru ba, jama'a da siyasa ba za su iya ba da iznin shiga Amurka ba har sai da daɗewa.

Yawancin tarihin ya dogara da hangen nesa, kuma yana dogara da sakamakon wannan taron. Yawancinmu sun girma da yawa ana koyas da cewa harin a kan Pearl Harbor ya kasance "kai hare-hare" a kan al'ummar da ba ta da tabbas. Sau nawa mun taɓa jin wadannan kalmomin a cikin Franklyn D. Roosevelt na Pearl Harbor Speech wanda ya kwatanta ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, 1941 a matsayin "kwanan wata da za ta kasance a cikin lalata"?

A gaskiya, harin da aka kai a kan Pearl Harbor ya zama shirin da aka tsara sosai, wanda Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto ya shirya, kwamandan kwamandan jiragen ruwa na Japan. Rashin gazawar ba ta cikin shirin ko kashe harin ba. Rashin gazawa ga wadanda ke da iko a kasar Japan su fahimci cewa irin wannan hari, yayin da yake samar da nasara mai yawa, zai hada kai da kuma tayar da al'umma sannan kuma ya yi kokari wajen tabbatar da cewa, shan kashi na Japan ya kasance babu yiwuwar a matsayin yakin da kanta . Idan har Jafananci sun lashe yaki, za a duba wannan harin a kan Pearl Harbor a cikin haske mai yawa.

03 na 08

Tora! Tora! Tora! - Jakadan Na Japan sun kai hari a Amurka

Bisa labarin da aka yi a cikin Fitaccen Jaridar Honolulu Star-Bulletin a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 1941 ya bayyana. "Yakin Yakin Yammacin Yammacin Japan".

A karfe 6 na yamma lokaci na dan lokaci, masu sufurin jigilar Japan sun kasance kimanin kilomita 200 a arewacin O`ahu suka fara yunkurin farko na harin. Wannan kogin ya ƙunshi jiragen sama 183, ciki har da wadanda suka yi mummunar tashin hankali, 'yan fashewa da mayakan' yan fashewa. Yin amfani da gidan rediyo na Honolulu don zuwa gida a kan makircinsu, jiragen saman Japan suna kan tsibirin. Daga cikin 'yan bindigar motar motar soji ta shida a O`ahu, daya ne ke aiki a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, 1941. Yayinda yake gano jiragen da ke shiga, babu mai da hankali a kan su cewa wannan harin ne da ke kaiwa gare su. .

Da misalin karfe 7:40 na safe, lokacin da suke kallon tsibirin O`ahu, jirgi na farko na jiragen sama na Japan sun dauki matakan da suka kai hari sannan suka ci gaba da kai hare-hare. Kusan kimanin 7:53 ne kwamandan Mitsuo Fuchida ya shawarci magungunan da Amurka ta dauka ta yi mamakin mamaki. Sakonsa ya ƙunshi kalma ɗaya, maimaita sau uku, " Tora! Tora! Tora! " ("Tiger! Tiger! Tiger!"). A wannan lokacin magungunan na biyu ya riga ya wuce hanyar zuwa makircinsu.

A wannan safiya ne Ford Island, jiragen sama a Wheeler, Hickam, Ewa da Kaneohe, kuma daga baya Bellows Field. A cikin minti kaɗan mafi yawan 'yan bindigar Amurka,' yan bama-bamai, da jiragen saman jirgin sama sun lalata ko kuma sun lalace. Duk wani juriya na juriya an shafe ta.

04 na 08

An kaddamar da Harsashin Batirin - Amurka Pacific Fleet a Pearl Harbor An Rushe

Da 'yan adawar iska sun shafe, akwai wata hanyar da ta fi dacewa da manufa ta farko, da Amurka ta yi ta rawar gani a Pearl Harbor. Mun ba da Taswirar Taswirar Shigo a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, 1941 don bayaninku.

Kamar yadda aka kwatanta a cikin jerin su a kan Pearl Harbor a Tarihin Tarihi: "Ana daukar nauyin Amurkawa gaba daya da ban mamaki. Daga cikin jiragen ruwan Amurka, an yi lalata batutuwa guda takwas, tare da raƙuman ruwa guda uku.Da jiragen sama guda uku, masu hallaka guda uku da ƙananan jiragen sama guda uku sun rasa tare da jiragen sama 188. Jirgin jiragen sama 27 da jirgin biyar na tsakiya na Japan sun yi kokarin shiga cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na ciki da kuma kaddamar da ƙaddamarwa.

Sashin USS Arizona bayan bam ya shiga cikin mujallar da ke gaba inda ta haifar da fashewa da kashe mutane 1,104.

Cutar lalacewa daga harin kai hari ne, manyan jiragen jiragen saman Amurka guda uku, Lexington, Enterprise da Saratoga waɗanda basu cikin tashar jiragen ruwa. Har ila yau, tserewa lalacewa shine man fetur man fetur.

Rashin lamarin ya hada da ma'aikata 2,335 da fararen hula 68 da aka kashe, kuma 1,178 rauni. An hada da mutane 1,104 a kan jirgin saman AmurkaS Arizona da aka kashe bayan da aka kai bom bom miliyan 1,760 a cikin mujallar ta gaba wadda ta haddasa fashewa.

05 na 08

Bayanin - Dokar Shari'ar da aka Bayyana da Sojojin Yammacin Gwamnatin Hawaii

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan harin da kuma tsammanin yiwuwar jingina ta Japonawa a Hawaii, sojojin sojan sun dauki matsayi a kusa da wuraren da ke cikin dukkan tsibirin. Yankunan rairayin bakin teku masu inda mayaƙan ƙasa suka rufe shi da wani matsala wanda zai iya hana tasowa.

Rundunar jiragen sama ta karbe su daga rundunar soji. Dukkan jirage masu zaman kansu an kafa su. An tattara Kwamitin Tsaron Yammacin ƙasar kamar yadda dukkanin ROTC daga Jami'ar Hawaii da makarantun sakandare suka samu.

Late a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba, da kuma bayan da Gwamna Joseph B. Poindexter ya fara hamayya, an bayyana dokar sharia kuma aka dakatar da rubuce-rubucen habeas corpus. Janar Walter C. Short ya ba da sanarwar da ya sanar da cewa yana daukan gwamnati kuma yana daukan matsayin mukamin Gwamnan Jihar Hawaii. Da farko an ɗauka cewa dokar sharia za ta ci gaba ne kawai a ɗan gajeren lokaci, duk da haka, a gaskiya an yi tsawon shekaru uku.

Gidajen gine-gine ciki har da fadar Iolani sun koma cikin ofisoshin soja. Kasashen tsibirin sun zama tushen babban soja. Tare da shariar doka ta zo baƙi, tsare-tsare, yin tuntube, ƙididdige labarai da kuma wasiku, haramtacciyar izini da wasu ƙuntatawa. An dakatar da harkokin kasuwanci da jinsin Japan.

06 na 08

Ƙungiyoyin Tsare-tsare - Dokokin Gudanar da Harkokin Kiwon Lafiya na Hawaii

Rikicin mazauna da ake zaton sun zama masu haɗari ko masu tuhuma sun fara da 'yan sanda na gida, Siriya da kuma FBI. Yawancin jinsin Japan sun koma wuraren tsare amma yawancin mazaunan Japan da zuriyarsu masu girman kai sun yi girma sosai don ba da iznin kowa da kowa. An yi la'akari da shirin da za a kwashe har zuwa kimanin 100 na Japan daga Hawaii, amma aka ƙi.

Kotunan soja sun maye gurbin kotunan farar hula kuma dokar soja ta kasance doka ta ƙasar ga sojoji da fararen hula.

Dukkan mazaunin da aka danne da kuma buƙatar ɗaukar katin katunan a kowane lokaci. An hana birane daga rike fiye da dolar Amirka 200 a tsabar kudi. Kasuwanci kuma an hana su.

Duk da rikici tsakanin masu fafutuka da shugabannin sojoji na Martial Law sun ci gaba a cikin wani nau'i ko wani har zuwa Oktoba 24, 1944. Ko da bayan an gama dokar sharia, Hawaii ta ci gaba da zama a matsayin yankuna na soja da kuma tsare-tsare, kuma baƙi sun kasance har sai Yuli 11, 1945.

07 na 08

Hawaii a yau - Muna tunawa da Pearl Harbor da USS Arizona

A yau, ana tunatar da masu tunawa da yaki a wurare da yawa a Hawaii. Lokacin da 'yan yawon shakatawa ke hawa zuwa saman Diamond Head sukan fita ta hanyar mai kwakwalwa da aka yi amfani da shi azaman jirage don yaki da jirgin sama na abokan gaba. Pearl Harbor da tunawa da Amurka ta Arizona na tunawa da duk wanda ya ziyarce su da muhimmancin rawa na Hawaii a cikin yaki da na mutane da dama da suka mutu a wannan asuba.

A ko'ina cikin tsibirin akwai wasu tunawa, irin su Babban Taron War Memorial a Cemetery na Pacific a Punchbowl, Ranar War II na War II a cikin gari na Honolulu ko kuma karami, amma kamar yadda motsi, Waialua-Kahuku yaƙin Duniya na II na Haleiwa Beach Park, Oahu.

Akwai abu ɗaya da ba za a iya kaucewa ba idan mutum ya tsaya a gaban waɗannan tunawa da girmama waɗanda suka mutu a yakin duniya na biyu. Jerin wadanda suka mutu sun hada da mutane da dama daga zuriyar Japan waɗanda iyayensu, kakanni ko kakanninsu suka zo Hawaii daga Japan don fara sabuwar rayuwa. Sunan mutanen nan suna tsaye a sama, a gefen kuma daga ƙarƙashin tushen asali, daga tushen asalin kasar Sin, daga tushen Filipino da na jini na jini, dukansu sun miƙa rayukansu don kare 'yancin kansu, iyalansu da mu.

Yaƙi suna yaƙi. Yawancin mutanen nan sun mutu. Yaƙin ya fara da wasu, sau da yawa marasa jarumi, wanda ke zaune dubban miliyoyin mutuwar.

Wadanda suka yi yaki kuma sun mutu a yakin yakin duniya na biyu, sun kasance, a mafi yawan lokuta, mutane masu daraja, ko dai sun kasance Amurka, Birtaniya, Jamus, Faransanci, Jafananci ko kuma daga kowane ɗaya daga cikin sauran al'ummomi.

08 na 08

Mu tuna kada mu manta

Yawancin duniya sun sauya tun daga ƙarshen yakin duniya na biyu. Hawaii ta zama jihar 50 da mutanen Japan da zuriyarsu, tushen asalin kasar Sin, Tushen Filipino, da kuma tushen asalin kasar Sin a cikin wadannan tsibirin.

Abin mamaki shine, tattalin arzikin tattalin arziki na Hawaii a yau ya danganta ne a kan yawon shakatawa ba kawai daga ƙasashen Amurka ba amma daga Japan.

Duk da haka, a wannan rana kowace shekara, mun dakatar da tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a wannan safiya 74 da suka wuce. Ba mu tuna ba don mu dawo da tunaninmu game da lokacin da duniya take fushi. Ba mu tuna ba domin mu hukunta wadanda suka kai mana hari. Mu tuna cewa kada mu manta da wadanda suka mutu kuma kada mu manta da cewa ba za mu taba bari ya sake faruwa ba.

A yayin da ka rasa shi mun gayyace ka ka karanta A Brief History of Pearl Harbor Kafin yakin duniya na biyu wanda muka bincika tarihin yankin da aka fi sani da "Wai Momi", ma'anar "Ruwa na Dutsen" ko "Pu` uloa ", daga zamanin d ¯ a har sai da yaduwar yakin duniya na biyu. Mun kuma bincika sakamakon ci gaban yankin da sojojin Amurka suka yi game da al'adun Hawaii.