Czars sun kasance sarakuna na Rasha; sun yi sarauta na ƙarni har sai juyin juya hali na juyin juya hali na 1917. Wadannan maza da mata sunyi alama a yankin tare da gyare-gyare da nasara, gina manyan wuraren tarihi na yau da kullum, kuma suna da matukar sha'awar nazarin su. Abubuwan da suka samo asali don fahimtar zamanin Rasha.
Kalmar nan "czar" ta samo daga kalmar Latin "Kaisar," ma'anar sarki.
Ko da yake harshen Rashanci yana da kalma ga sarki (korol), ana amfani da wannan take don sarakunan yammacin Turai. Saboda haka, "Czar" yana da nau'i daban-daban na "sarki".
Ivan da m
Ivan da mummunan jarumi ne da abokin hamayyar Tatars, wanda magoya bayansa suka girgiza Turai har tsawon shekaru. Ko da yake wasu sun yi amfani da sunan sarauta a gaban Ivan da Tsoro, shi ne farkon da ake kira "Czar of All Russia." Ya yi mulki daga 1533 zuwa 1584. Ƙarfin abu mafi ban mamaki ne, wannan mai girma shine batun tarihin da ya nuna ikonsa da fushi.
Masu ziyara a Rasha sun ga shaidar Ivan mai mulki a kan Red Square da kuma cikin ganuwar Kremlin. Daya daga cikin alamomin Rasha, St. Cathedral na St. Basil , Ivan The Terrible ya gina shi don tunawa da kama shi na Kazan da Astrakhan, kasashe biyu na Tatar. A cikin katangar Kremlin, Cathedral na Annunciation ya dauki Ivan da mummunan alamar: Ikilisiya tana da wani ƙofar musamman wanda aka saka musamman ga mai mulki lokacin da aka hana shi shiga bayan ya auri matarsa na hudu.
Boris Godunov
Boris Godunov an san shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a Rasha. Bai kasance mai daraja ta wurin haihuwar haihuwa ba, saboda haka girmansa da matsayi da ikonsa ya nuna halin halayyar jagoranci da kishi. Allahunov ya zama sarki bayan mutuwar Ivan da mummuna daga 1587 zuwa 1598 kuma an zabe shi a matsayin dan karamin mulki bayan mutuwar ɗan Ivan da magajinsa; ya yi mulki daga 1598 zuwa 1605.
Tsarin mulkin Allahunov na jiki ya bayyana a cikin Ivan Tower Tower na Kremlin. Ya ba da umurni cewa tsawo ya karu kuma babu sauran gine-ginen a Moscow don ya zarce shi. Allahunov ya mutu ne a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Alexander Pushkin da opera na Modest Mussorgsky.
Bitrus Babba
Abubuwan da ake nufi da manufofi na tarihin Rasha da manyan manufofi na Peter da Babbar. Wannan sarkin Rasha, wanda shi ne shugaban dukan Rasha tun daga 1696 zuwa 1725, ya zama aikinsa na sabuntawa da kuma westernization na Rasha. Ya gina St. Petersburg daga filin jiragen ruwa, ya kafa teburin manyan ma'aikata, ya canza kalandar Rasha, ya kafa jiragen ruwa na Rasha kuma ya fadada iyakokin Rasha.
Ƙasar Rasha ba ta zama ba, amma Bitrus mai girma yana rayuwa. Idan ba don Pyotr Velikiy ba, kamar yadda aka sani a cikin harshen Rashanci, babban birnin St. Petersburg ba zai wanzu ba. Kasashen Rasha da "Gabashin Yammacin Turai" sune babban birnin kasar Peter, babban al'ada, da al'adu da al'umma suka bunkasa a can, kamar dai yadda yake a babban birnin Rasha na Moscow.
Masu ziyara a St. Petersburg kuma zasu iya ganin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da Bitrus yayi, Bitrushof . Kyakkyawar wannan fadar ta cinye wani a Yammacin Turai. Yana janyo hankulan baƙi a kowane rani wanda ya yi mamakin tsibirinsa na zinariya da masu haɗi da wadata.
Katarina babban
Catarina mai girma ita ce daya daga cikin shahararren sarakunan Rasha, amma ta ba Rasha ba ne. An haifa a Prussia, Catarina ta yi aure a cikin mulkin Rasha kuma ta yi juyin mulki a kan mijinta da kuma karɓar mulkin mulkin Rasha. A lokacin mulkinta daga 1762 zuwa 1796, ta kara fadada daular kuma ta nema ta kara inganta Rasha don haka za a gane shi a matsayin babban ikon Turai.
Catarina ta jagoranci rayuwar mutum mai ban sha'awa, da kuma labarunta don karbar masoya shi ne abin ban mamaki. Ya zaɓa zaɓaɓɓu a wasu lokutan yin aiki kamar masu ba da shawara, wasu lokuta kamar yadda take wasa. An ba su kyautar karimci ga ƙungiyarsu tare da ita kuma sun zama sananne a kansu.
Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da Katarina a cikin yanki na Petersburg sune siffar Bronze Horseman . Yana nuna Bitrus Mai Girma a kan doki kuma ya yi sabon ma'anar da sunan Alexander Pushkin na wannan suna.
Nicholas II
Nicholas II shi ne sarki na ƙarshe na Rasha da sarki. Shugaban gidan Romanov, ya zama sarki a shekara ta 1894 kuma ya kori kursiyin a cikin watan Maris 1917 a matsin lamba daga Bolsheviks, wanda ya kaddamar da gwamnati a shekarar 1917. Shi da danginsa - matarsa, 'ya'ya mata hudu da dansa da magada - an kai su Yekaterinburg, inda aka kashe su a Yuli 1918.
An san Nicholas II a matsayin mai mulki mai rauni da kuma wanda ya hau gadon sarauta. Rashin yaduwa da rikici a tsakanin 'yan-gizonsa kafin kama shi ya sa shi ba shi da matsayi. Matarsa, Alexandra, yariman Jamusanci da kuma ɗan jikokin Birtaniya Victoria Queen, sun kasance marasa mahimmanci; ta bayyana rashin amincewa ga Rasha da kuma batun jita-jita, cewa ta kasance mai rahõto ga Jamus. Lokacin da Rasputin, wani mai hankali, ya sanya kansa cikin rayuwar Nicholas da Alexandra, ma'aurata sun fuskanci zargi.
Kashe Nicholas II da iyalinsa sun nuna ƙarshen mulkin mulkin Rasha. A cikin tare da Bolshevik Revolution, shi ya jawo sabuwar zamanin ga Rasha, kasashen da ke kusa da kuma duniya.