William the Conqueror da kuma 1066 Normandy Trail a 2016

01 na 04

Haɗa mu a kan hanyar Trail na William da kuma Conan na Norman

A watan Oktobar 1066 William ya tashi daga Normandy ya yi yaƙi da Ingila a yakin Hastings

2016 shine ranar cika shekaru 950 na wannan babban yakin da ya sauya al'ummar Ingila da kuma kafa harsashin ginin da muke sani a yau.

Tana da muhimmanci ranar tunawa da haka About.com na United Kingdom Travel da Faransanci masu tafiya sun zo tare da su don kawo maka labarin da kuma nuna alamomi, wuraren tunawa, wuraren yaƙi da kuma gidaje da za ka ziyarci yau don kawo labarin zuwa rai. Kowace wata a cikin 2016 za mu kai ka zuwa shahararrun shafukan yanar gizon da kuma yakin da aka yi a duka Birtaniya da Faransa, tare da rufe dukan abubuwan da aka tsara.

• Bincika labarin Ingilishi daga cikin labarin daga masana gwani na UK .

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Normandy a tsakiyar zamanai

• Normandy a cikin jariri

Normandy ta ga kyakkyawan rabo na mutanen zamanin da suna zaune a cikin kyawawan gonaki da gandun daji, daga zamanin Neolithic zuwa shekarun Celts sannan kuma zuwa ga Romawa. Sarkin Roma Diocletian ya kafa lardin Normandy a karni na 3, kuma iyakoki ya dace da Normandy yau. A wani lokaci masarautar Roman Constantius ya mallake duka Birtaniya da Gaul, kuma kasashen biyu sun haɗu da juna na farko, amma ba karshe, lokaci ba.

Normandy ta taka muhimmiyar rawa

Lokacin da Romawa suka bar karni na 4 AD, yawancin ƙasar Faransa da Birtaniya sun shiga tseren kabilanci, jihar da ta kasance tsawon ƙarni biyu har sai da babbar Charlemagne (c.742-814) wanda ya sami kwarewa mai ban mamaki na haɗawa da yawa daga yamma Turai, ya juya mutanensa zuwa Kristanci kuma ya canza taswirar al'adu da hankali na Turai har abada tare da Renaissance Carolingian.

A karni na 9, Normandy ya zama ɓangare na mulkin kasashen yammacin Franks, sarakunan Frankish sun mallake shi zuwa 987. Daga nan sai ya wuce ga Capetians tare da Hugh Capet. Tuni Duke na Ile de France, yankin dake kusa da Paris, ya zama Sarki na abin da aka sani da Faransa.

To, yaya game da Vikings?

Kamar wuraren da yawa, tarihin Normandy shine shafin yanar gizo. Yana iya kasancewa a ƙarƙashin Sarkin Faransa, amma an kai hari daga kowane gefen, mafi mahimmanci ta hanyar mummunar tashin hankali, raƙuman ruwa na dangin Danish.

Vikings ya zo da wuri zuwa Faransa; Ingila ita ce manufa ta farko, kuma mafi kusa. Ruwa na farko na Vikings ya rushe, amma manoma da 'yan kasuwa sun bi su da sauri kuma ba da daɗewa ba suka shiga cikin Ingila.

By 845 da Vikings ya kai Paris a kan raƙuman walƙiya. Bayan 'yan shekaru daga baya suka zauna tare da 911 da Viking' Jarl 'ko shugaban, Rollo, (Rollon a Faransanci) ya ƙidaya Rouen kuma yana da karfi da ya tilasta yin sulhu tare da Sarkin Faransa Charles Charles, wanda yake cikin Normandy. Ba kome da kyau ga Faransanci ba; Vikings ya kare yankin har zuwa da kuma kusa da Paris wanda yake da damuwa a kogin Seine.

Tsarin auren tsakanin manyan iyalai ya jagoranci rikici da haɗin kai da cin amana, da'awar da kuma sayarwa. Sanarwar da ta dace game da yin amfani da ita ita ce Richard I, babban jikoki na Rollo, wanda ya dauki Duke na Normandy.

Ƙari game da Vikings masu ƙauna

• Ziyara La Tour de L'Horloge a Guines Wannan ziyarar yawon shakatawa 3 yana da kyau ga iyalai da tarihin magoya baya da kuma daukan Vikings
• Ziyarci Le Puy du Fou Theme Park Wannan shi ne zabe na biyu mafi kyawun filin wasa na duniya amma ya kamata ya jagoranci jerin jerin nau'o'in nau'o'i, sikelin da ƙirƙirar. Hanyoyin na Viking suna da tsalle-tsalle wanda ke fitowa daga raƙuman ruwa da kuma wadatawa ga duk wani matashi da ke yin kisa da kisan kai. Danna nan don bidiyo na zane

03 na 04

Ku bi hanyar Harshen War na Early Life na William

c. 1027: William shiga Duniya

An haife William ne a masallacin Falaise a cikin 1027/28 (bayanan sun kasance kaɗan kuma sun rasa) ga Duke Robert na Normandy (wanda aka sani da Robert da Iblis da Duke Richard II ɗan fari) da uwargidansa Herleva. Ta ci gaba da aure Herluin de Conteville kuma ta haifa masa 'ya'ya biyu, Odo wanda ya zama Bishop of Bayeux da Robert, Count of Mortain.

Duke Robert ya mutu a 1035 ko 6 kuma William ya dauki lakabi a cikin shekaru 7 ko 8.

• Ziyarci Castle of Falaise

Matakin Farko na William

Matsayin matashi na William bai kasance da tabbas ba, amma ba kai tsaye ba saboda goyon baya daga Sarki Henry na Faransa wanda ya fahimci muhimmancin Normandy. Duk da haka, lokaci ne marar kyau: manyan sunyi yaƙi domin ƙasashen Ikklisiya da dukiya da Alan III na Brittany suna sha'awar maƙwabcin makwabcinsa. Daga shekaru 8, William ya dogara ne ga mabiyan da suka dace da masu kula da su wanda ke da mummunan halaye na mutuwa ko kuma abokan gaba sun aika musu da sauri; an kashe daya daga cikin su a gidan kwana na William.

Ko da kansa gidaje sun kasance m. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 18, dole ne ya magance wani tawayen da dan uwansa Guy na Burgundy ya jagoranci. Yayin da yake zaune a Valognes a cikin Cotentin Peninsula, kotu ta yi watsi da wani shiri na kashe William. Yarinyar matasa sun gudu a kan doki a cikin dare zuwa fadar Hubert de Ries wanda ya aika da shi zuwa Falaise tare da 'ya'yansa maza guda uku a matsayin masu tsaron lafiyar. Sun gudu cikin gonaki, wanda daga baya aka kira shi a Bâtard (Bastard's Path) a fadin kogin Gronde.

• Ku bi William Flight. Akwai hanyoyi masu yawon shakatawa bayan tafiya William ta hanyar biranen Asnelles da Ryes kusa da Arromanches-les-Bains, wanda aka fi sani da yakin duniya na II D-Day Landings.

1047: William ya zo dama

A farkon 1047 ya kasance lokaci don magance 'yan tawayen kuma William da Henry suka kalubalanci abokan gabansa, suka ci nasara a yakin da suke a garin Val-es-Dunes kusa da Caen. " Yakin da ya yi nasara, a inda, a wata rana, ya rushe ƙauyuka da dama " ya yi wa wani tarihi tarihi cewa abokan hamayyar William sun sauka kamar tara. Ya zama wani abu mai ban mamaki ga Duke wanda ya ba da Truce na Allah a duk fadinsa wanda ya ƙuntata yaki da tashin hankali zuwa wasu kwanakin shekara. A cikin mawuyacin lambar sirri amma mai iko, an yi biyayya.

• Bi yakin Val-ès-Dunes. Ofishin Sha'idodinta na Val-ès-Dunes ya samar da taswirar da za ku iya biyo baya, da kuma taimaka wa bangarorin da suka dace.

1051: William Triumphs

A farkon shekarun 1050 William ya kori aikinsa a duk Normandy. Lokacin da Hugh, mai mulkin Maine, ya mutu a 1051, mai suna Count of Anjou, Geoffrey Martel, ya shiga. Ya kai farmaki a kusurwar yammacin yammacin Alençon da Domfront a kan iyakar Normandy da Maine, amma William da Henry sun ci nasara.

Domfront ya kasance, kamar yawancin yankin, mallakar William na Bellême amma ga mai nasara ya tafi ganima. Sai kawai wuraren rushewa na gidan Bellême sun kasance kuma waɗannan su ne ɗakin ajiya da ɗakin sujada wanda William the William Congreger 3, Henri 1st Beauclerc, Domingar Domfront daga 1092, sa'an nan Sarkin Ingila (1100) da Duke na Normandy (1106).

Domfront wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci, ta sarrafa hanyar daga Caen zuwa Maine da Anjou arewa zuwa kudu, kuma daga Alençon zuwa Le-Mont-St-Michel zuwa gabas-yamma.

• Domfront shine kyakkyawan gari, yana da kyau a ziyarar.

1051 zuwa 53: William ya ɓace mai mahimmanci

A halin yanzu Henry yana da damuwa da girman karfi da karfi na William, don haka a cikin hanyar yaki da sha'awar kai, Sarki Henry ya canza bangarori, yana goyon bayan William, Count of Arques, wanda asalinsa ke gudana a kudancin Dieppe.

A cikin 1053 William na Arques ya kalubalanci Duke wanda ya ci nasara a sansaninsa kuma ya aika masa da kwaskwarima. A ƙarshen 1053 William yana yaƙi da Sarki, da manyan nasa kuma sabon Arbishop na Rouen, Mauger.

1054: Wani Nasara, to ....

Wannan tashin hankali ya faru a watan Fabrairun shekarar 1054. William ya fuskanci Henry a Evreux, a kudancin Rouen a gabashin iyakar Normandy. Wakilin na biyu na William wanda ya hada da magoya bayansa kamar Robert, Count of Eu, Walter Giffard, Roger na Mortemer da William de Warenne, sun fuskanci sauran mawuyacin hali a karkashin Odo, ɗan'uwan sarki Henry. A cewar masanin tarihin, William na Jumièges, Faransanci suna da matukar damuwa da raunatawa kuma sun sace cewa an kama su sosai ba tare da shirya su ba. Rundunar Mortemer ta gaba ce nasara ce ga William da mutanensa yayin da aka kashe yawancin mutanen Faransa.

An yi jinkiri kaɗan; Henry da Geoffrey sun ci gaba har zuwa 1057 yayin da William ya sake cinye su a yakin Varaville, a yammacin Cabourg.

Ba har zuwa 1060 da mutuwar Henry da Geoffrey cewa William zai iya jin dadi ba.

Shift na Power zuwa Ingila

Edward the Confessor na Ingila ya bayyana William a matsayin magaji ga kursiyin Ingila a farkon 1051, in ji William. A Janairu 1066 Edward ya mutu kuma Harold Godwinson ya lashe Sarki. William ya fara shirye-shirye na mamayewa.

• Bincike labarin Ingilishi daga masanin Birtaniya .

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Shirya ziyarar zuwa Normandy na zamani

Normandy a yau yana dauke da kyawawan wurare kamar yadda yake a tsakiyar zamanai. Yanki ne mai kyau wanda ke da tudun bakin teku mai zurfi da rairayin bakin teku masu kyau da kuma Ƙasar Cotentin mai ban sha'awa a cikin Turanci. Ya haɗa da manyan shafukan yanar-gizon Normandy D-Day Landing Bearing s, tashar jiragen ruwa na Fecamp, Honfleur da Deauville da Mont-St-Michel da gidan su.

Rouen babban birni ne, kuma babban birni mai arziki ne a zamanin William. An gudanar da Exchequer na Normandy kuma shine babban birnin domin manyan mulkin mallaka na Anglo-Norman wanda ya mallaki Faransa da Ingila daga 1 zuwa 15 na ƙarni. Bincika abubuwan da ke gani a cikin Rouen .

• Bincika labarin Ingilishi daga cikin labarin daga masana gwani na UK .
• Gano abin da ya faru da zuriyar William a cikin New Forest a Birtaniya a Rufus Stone