Yadda ake ganin kaya daga Pompeii a Italiya da Amurka

Birnin Roman na Pompeii ya kasance batun binciken, hasashe da mamakin tun lokacin da aka sake gano shi a cikin shekarun 1700. A yau shafin ya ci gaba da ingantaccen sabuntawar da nazarin kuma yana cikin manyan shawarwarin da dole ne in ga wuraren zama na kayan gargajiya. Amma idan ba za ku iya tafiya zuwa Ƙasar Italiya ba, akwai sauran gidajen tarihi inda za ku ga dukiya na Pompeii. Wasu wurare kamar Birtaniya na Birtaniya da ke London ko kuma Museum of Art na Birnin New York na iya zama kamar zane-zane na samfurin Pompei da kayayyakin tarihi, amma Malibu, California, Bozeman, Montana da Northampton, Massachusetts suna da damar da za su iya ganin fasaha daga wannan lokacin. da kyau.

Na farko kadan fadi akan Pompeii:

Ranar 24 ga watan Agusta, 79 AZ, tsautsayi na Dutsen Vesuvius ya fara birni da ƙauyuka da ke kusa da Kogin Naples. Kamfanin Pompeii, babban birni na kimanin mutane 20,000 shine birni mafi girma da za a lalata ta hanyar guba guba, ruwan sama da duwatsu masu tsabta. Mutane da dama sun iya tserewa ta hanyar jirgin ruwa ta Pompeii, koda kuwa wasu tsuntsaye suka fadi a teku. Kimanin mutane 2,000 sun mutu. Labarin wannan bala'i ya bazu a dukan daular Roman. Sarkin sarakuna Titus ya aika da yunkurin ceto amma ba a iya yin kome ba. An cire Pompeii daga taswirar Roman.

Ma'aikata sun san cewa birnin na can a can, amma ba har sai 1748 lokacin da sarakunan Bourbon na Naples suka fara yin amfani da shafin. A karkashin wani laka na turɓaya da ash, birnin ya kasance mummified kamar yadda yake a kan abin da zai zama wani lokaci na yau da kullum. Gurasa a cikin tanda, 'ya'yan itace sun kasance a kan teburin kuma an gano skeletons da kayan ado. Babban ɓangare na abin da muka sani a yau game da rayuwar yau da kullum a cikin daular Roman ita ce sakamakon wannan adana na musamman.

A wannan lokaci, kayan ado, kayan ado da kuma hotunan daga Pompeii sun kasance a cikin abin da suka zama Tarihin Nahiyar Archaeological Naples . Da farko dai sojoji sun yi amfani da shi, an yi amfani da gine-ginen a matsayin ɗakin ajiya da 'yan Bourbons suka yi a kan tashoshin yanar gizon amma sun kasance masu iya sace su ta hanyar sace su.

Herculaneum, har ma da wadatacciyar birni da ke bakin Bayar Naples, an rufe shi a cikin abubuwa masu yawa na pyroclastic, wanda ya kunsa birnin. Ko da yake kawai kashi 20 cikin 100 na birnin ne kawai aka kaddamar da su, abin da ya kasance a kan gani yana da ban mamaki. Gidajen da yawa, da bishiyoyi da kayan furniture sun kasance a wurin.

Ƙananan yankunan karkara waɗanda suka kasance a gida ga kyawawan masauki an hallaka su ciki har da Stabia, Oplonti, Boscoreale da Boscotrecase. Ko da yake duk waɗannan shafukan yanar gizo za a iya ziyarta a yau, ba a sauƙaƙe su shiga ko kuma sun dace da su kamar Pompeii da Herculaneum ba. Yawancin kayansu masu yawa suna samuwa a waje da Italiya.

A cikin karni na 19, abin da ake kira "Grand Tour" ya kawo 'yan Turai na Yammacin Italiya zuwa ga rushewar Pompeii da kuma musamman " Babban Sakataren " na fasaha mai banƙyama daga tarkon. Hannun wurare sun ci gaba har tsawon ƙarni uku kuma akwai sauran aikin da aka bari don yin wannan. Wannan jerin shafuka da wuraren tarihi na tarihi sun kasance daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa a duniya.

• 01 na 03

  Kamfanin Pompeii a London da Malibu

  Shekaru na rashin kulawa, talauci marasa talauci da kusan baƙi miliyan biyu a kowace shekara, rushewar Pompeii sun ragu kuma sun yi hasarar rasa matsayinsu a matsayin Tarihin Duniya na Duniya. Gwamnatin Italiya ta kashe kudaden shiga cikin Pompeii domin sake ginawa na shida daga cikin manyan masallatai. Yanzu yanzu lokaci ne mai kyau don ziyarci Pompeii, musamman "Villa na Mysteries."

  Wannan maɗaukakiyar maɗaukakiyar frescoes a cikin ɗaki na ɗayan mazaunin da ake zaton yana da ikon haɓaka asirin al'ada. Ƙasar Romawa ta jure wa addinai daban-daban (idan dai ana biya haraji) kuma masu cin zarafi sukan kasance suna ci gaba a gidaje masu zaman kansu. Idan kun ga abu daya a Pompeii, Villa na Mysteries ya kasance a saman jerin ku.

  Birnin Birtaniya yana da kusan 100 abubuwa daga Pompeii a cikin tarinsa ciki har da zane-zane na bango, kayan ado da kuma babban kwalkwali na Etruscan da aka samu a Herculaneum.

  Haka kuma yana iya samun damar Villa dei Papiri na Herculaneum a Malibu, California a Gidan Getty. A nan baƙi suna ganin Villa kamar yadda yake kafin a hallaka shi. Kodayake tsari na jiki shine na zamani, fasaha da kayan tarihi daga lokacin cika filin da dukiyar da aka shuka tare da ciyayi wanda ke haifar da kwarewa ta gaske.

  Bugu da ƙari, Malibu, California suna jin kamar Bay of Naples. Hasken, yanayi da kuma ciyayi yana kusa kamar haka kuma mazaunan kudancin California mafi arziki sun mallaki bakin teku kamar yadda masarautar Roma ta yi a karni na farko.

  Don ziyarci Pompeii (Pompei) da Herculaneum (Ercolano) , yanzu akwai jirgin kasa mai suna "Campania Express" wanda ke tsakanin Napoli Centrale (babban tashar jirgin kasa a Naples, wanda ake kira Napoli-Piazza Garibaldi) da kuma Sorrento.

  • Napoli Sorrento € 15,00 / € 8,00
  • Napoli Ercolano € 7,00 / € 4,00
  • Napoli Villa Misteri € 11,00 / € 6,00
  • Sorrento Villa Misteri € 7,00 / € 4,0
  • Sorrento Ercolano € 11,00 / € 6,00
  • Ercolano Villa Misteri € 7,00 / € 4,00

  Hours: 1 Afrilu - Oktoba 31 Oktoba 08.30 - 19.30 (shigarwa na karshe 18.00). 1st Nuwamba - 31 Maris a kowace rana 08.30 - 17.00 (shigarwa na karshe 15.30).

  Admission: 1 Ranar / 1 Site: Adults € 11,00, Rage € 5,50; 3 Days / 5 Sites: Manya € 20,00, Rage € 10,00 (Herculaneum, Pompeii, Oplontis, Stabiae, Boscoreale)

  Don ziyarci Birnin Birtaniya:

  Babbar Russell Street London WC1B 3DG

  Hours: Daily daga 10-5: 30, Jumma'a har zuwa 8:30

  Admission: Free

  Don ziyarci Getty Villa :

  Fitar da: 17985 Highway Road Pacific, Pacific Palisades, CA 90272

  Busro Bus 534 wanda ya tsaya a Coastline Drive da kuma Pacific Coast Highway (PCH) a gefen hanyar shiga Getty Villa

  Hours: Laraba-Litinin 10:00 am-5: 00 pm An rufe Talata

  Admission kyauta ne, amma filin ajiye motoci ne $ 15 kuma ana buƙatar ajiye tikitin a gaba .

• 02 na 03

  Villa Oplonti a Montana da Massachusetts

  Ma'aikata a kusa da Torre Annunziata sun damu cewa dukiyar da aka yi a Villa Oplonti za a iya gani a gidan kayan gargajiya na Montana kafin a nuna su a gida. A cikin amsa, garin ya shirya nuni na nuni kusa da wuraren da aka rushe a Palazzo Crisccuolo. Amma na farko, a nan dan kadan ne akan shafin:

  Sanarwar yau ta Torre Annunziata, a yau wani yanki na Naples wanda aka gina a kan birnin Roma na Oplontis, sa'an nan kuma wani yanki na Pompeii.

  "Villa A" shine yadda malamai suke magana da Villa Oplontis wanda ke bude wa jama'a. Ma'aikata sun kira shi Villa Poppea, mai suna ga Sarkin Nero matar wanda za a iya gina gidan.

  Ba bude ga jama'a ba ne "Villa B" ko Villa Lucius Crassius Tertius, wanda ya zama cibiyar watsawa. Lokacin da Mount Vesuvius ya fadi a ranar 24 ga Agusta, 79 AZ, Villa Oplonti yana ta sake ginawa kuma ba shi da maza. An gano skeleton guda biyu na manya da bawa a kusa da garin B Bana, kusa da ƙofar, mai yiwuwa ana jira don ceto ta jirgin ruwa.

  Wannan masauki ne mai mahimmanci wanda aka tsara don manufar jin dadi. Kodayake malaman ba su amince da cewa Poppea Sabina, matar Nero ta biyu, ta zauna a nan ba, gidan ya kasance wani wuri ne na wani dan majalisar dattijai na Roma. Yana da fiye da 100 dakuna, zangon-zane-zane-zane don nuna alamar hanyoyi don bawa da ɗakunan maras kyau.

  An kaddamar da shi a daidai lokacin da ya fara tun daga shekarun 1700, manyan masana'antun Archaeologists na Amurka da Italiyanci sunyi aiki a kan " Ayyukan Haɓuka ." Har yanzu ana aiki da aikin kuma an buga abubuwan da aka gano a jerin jerin littattafai hudu da Littafin Ƙididdigar Jama'ar Amirka (ACLS) ta buga. Na farko yana samuwa a nan.

  An shirya nune-nunin yawon shakatawa ga gidajen tarihi na Amurka kuma an riga an nuna su a Texas da Michigan. Wasan kwaikwayon zai ci gaba da shekara ta 2016 a Museum na Rockies a Bozeman, Montana kuma da yawa daga 2017 a Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kolejin Smith a Northampton, Massachusetts.

  Don ziyarci Villa Oplonti:

  Via Sepolcri, 80058 Torre Annunziata NA, Italiya +39 081 8575347

  Dauki Circumvesuviana daga Napoli Centrale zuwa Torre Annunziata

  Oktoba Oktoba - Oktoba 31st kowace rana 08.30 - 19.30 (shigarwa na karshe 18.00). Ranar Nuwamba 1 - Maris 31st kowace rana 08.30 - 17.00 (shigarwa 15.30).

  1 Ranar / 3 Shafuka: Manya € 5,50, Rage € 2,75 (Boscoreale, Oplontis, Stabia); 3 Days / 5 Sites: Manya € 20,00, Rage € 10,00 (Boscoreale, Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii, Stabia)

  Don ziyarci Museum na Rockies:

  600 W Kagy Blvd, Bozeman, MT 59717

  (406) 994-2251

  Ranar Asabar zata fara ranar tunawa da ranar Jumma'a kuma ta ƙare ranar bayan ranar aiki. Hours na Sati suna kullum 8am zuwa 8pm.
  Hutu na Winter ya fara ranar bayan ranar Lafiya kuma ya ƙare ranar kafin ranar tunawa ranar karshen mako. Harshen Winter sune ne - Satumba 9 zuwa 5pm, Sun 12pm zuwa 5pm

  Admission: Adults $ 14.50, Kids (5-17) $ 9.50, Jami'an MSU (tare da MSU ID) $ 10, Yara (4 da kuma karkashin) Free, Babban Jama'a (65 years) $ 13.50

  Yadda za a ziyarci Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Kasa na Smith

  20 Elm St, Northampton, MA 01063

  (413) 585-2760

  Hours: Talata daga Asabar 10-4, Lahadi 12-4, Jumma'a na Biyu na 10-8, Litinin da aka rufe da kuma manyan bukukuwa

  Admission: Adadin $ 5, Babban Jama'a $ 4, Makarantar Kwalejin da yara Free

• 03 na 03

  Boscoreale villa a New York

  Boscoreale na nufin "gandun daji na gari" kuma ya kasance wani yanki na farauta wanda ke da karfin gine-ginen gida, wanda aka fi sani da "Villa of P. Fannius Synistor". Kodayake yana da kyau, an yi la'akari da shi a lokacinsa na gida mai rustic. An yi zane-zanen bangon tsakanin 40-30 KZ

  Kamar Villa Oplonti, wannan masauki a Boscoreale wani wuri ne don boyewa da kuma jin dadin da aka yi wa mutanen Romawa masu rikitarwa. An tsara shi don zama wurin da za a ci, sha da kuma ɓangaren ƙungiya kuma ya yada al'ada na rayuwar Hellenistic. Gidajen Gida sun samo a dukan tsibirin Campania kuma an zana masaukin tare da zane-zane na falsafar falsafa, marubuta, siffofin satyrs da nymphs.

  An kaddamar da shi a cikin farkon shekarun 1900, ana ganin frescoes wasu daga cikin manyan frescoes na Roman a duniya.

  Gidan yana da shahararrun frescoes daga Pompeii, amma "cubiculum" ko ɗaki mai dakuna daga Fannius Synistor villa a Boscoreale yana daga cikin shahararrun mashahuran da aka fi so a gidan kayan gargajiya. Frescoes ya tafi daga mike zuwa New York a 1903.

  Yadda za'a ziyarci Boscoreale:

  Via Settetermini 15, loc. Villa Regina - Boscoreale

  Dauki horar da Circumvesuviana. (Layin: Napoli-Poggiomarino.) Ka sauka a Boscotrecase sannan ka ɗauki motar zuwa Villa Regina.

  Admission: 5,50 €

  Yadda za a ziyarci The Met:

  Cibiyar Gidan Gidan Hoto na Gida

  1000 Fifth Ave New York, NY 10028

  Hours: Bude 7 Harsuna a Week

  Lahadi-Alhamis: 10:00 am-5: 30 na yamma
  Jumma'a da Asabar: 10:00 am-9: 00 pm
  Ranar Gida ta rufe, ranar 25 ga Disamba, 1 ga Janairu, da kuma Litinin na farko a watan Mayu

  Shigawa kyauta ne da aka bayar. Dole ne ku biya ku shiga gidan kayan gargajiya, amma a kowane adadin da kuke so. Adadin $ 25, Dattawa (65 da tsufa) $ 17, Makarantu $ 12, 'Yan Salibai, Yara a ƙarƙashin 12 (tare da tsofaffi) Free