Fidel Castro Bayanin Farko

An haifi Fidel Castro Ruz a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 1926, a kan gine-gine a gabashin Cuba, ɗan dangin Mutanen Espanya da baƙo da kuma ma'aikatan gida. Wani mai magana mai ban mamaki, mai ban sha'awa, ya fito fili a matsayin daya daga cikin shugabanni a cikin ci gaba da tawaye akan mulkin mallaka na Fulgencio Batista.
A farkon shekarun 1950, Mista Castro yana jagorancin babban mayakan da ke zaune a yankin Sierra Maestra na Cuba, a kudu maso gabashin kasar. Nasara a kan sojojin Batista daga bisani ya zo a cikin Janairu 1959, kuma mayakansa na nasara, da dama daga cikinsu sun yi asarar da sanye da tufafinsu, suka shiga Havana. Hannun nasara da nasarar shiga cikin babban birnin kasar Cuba sun kama hankalin duniya. Ba da daɗewa ba ya jagoranci kasar zuwa ga kwaminisanci - gonaki masu tara da kuma samar da bankunan da masana'antu, ciki har da fiye da dala biliyan 1 na dukiyar Amurka. An dakatar da 'yanci na siyasa kuma an tsare masu sukar gwamnati. Jaridar Frank Calzon, wani dan takarar dimokiradiyya na Cuban, ya ce mutane da dama daga cikin magoya bayansa sun zama masu rudani da gudu daga tsibirin. "Shi mutum ne wanda ya yi alkawurra da yawa ga jama'ar Cuban." Cubans za su sami 'yanci, za su kasance da gwamnatin gaskiya, "in ji Calzon. "Za su sake komawa tsarin mulki," in ji Calzon. "Maimakon haka, abin da ya ba su shi ne tsarin mulkin Stalinist." Mista. Castro ya karfafa zumunci tare da Tarayyar Soviet, wata manufar da ta sa Kyuba ta yi karo da Amurka tare da Amurka. Washington ta kafa dokar cinikayya tsakanin Cuba a shekarar 1960 kuma ta karya dangantakar diplomasiyya a farkon shekarar 1961. A watan Afrilu na wannan shekara, Amurka ta yi amfani da makamai da kuma jagorancin wasu mamaye da aka yi wa Cuban wadanda aka yi musu makirci, wanda aka sauke su a Bay of Pigs. Bayan shekara guda, Cuba ya kasance a tsakiyar rikici tsakanin Washington da Moscow a kan sanya jigilar makamai masu linzami na Soviet a tsibirin. An kaddamar da yakin nukiliya. A yayin da rikicin Cuban ya fara rikici, Mr. Castro ya gina sojojinsa kuma ya aika da dakarunsa a duk faɗin duniya zuwa manyan ragamar Cold War, irin su Angola. Har ila yau, ya goyi bayan hare-haren da ake yi a Latin America a cikin shekarun 1960 da 70 a cikin ƙoƙari na yada kwaminisanci a cikin kogin. Dattijan Amurka mai kula da harkokin diplomasiya da kuma Cuba Wayne Wayne ya ce Mista Castro ya yiwa Cuba wasa a cikin 'yan wasan duniya. "Ina tsammanin za a tuna da shi a matsayin jagoran da ya sanya Kyuba a kan taswirar duniya," in ji Smith. "Kafin Castro, an yi la'akari da Kuban wani abu ne na wata bankin kasar, kuma babu wani abu a siyasa a duniya. Castro ya canza duk abin da ya faru, kuma ba zato ba tsammani Cuba yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a fagen duniya, a Afirka a matsayin dan uwan ​​Soviet Tarayyar, a Asiya, kuma a cikin Latin Amurka. "A lokaci guda kuma, Mr. Castro ya kafa tsarin kula da kiwon lafiya da kuma tsarin ilimin ilimi wanda ya karbi Cuba a tsakanin kasashe masu tasowa a kasashe masu tasowa don yawan karatun karatu da ƙananan yara masu mutuwa. Wadannan shirye-shirye sun yi nasara a babban bangare saboda taimakon kudi daga Moscow. A lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet ta rushe a farkon shekarun 1990, Cuba na karbar dala biliyan 6 a kowace shekara a tallafin Soviet. Wadannan nasarori a zamantakewar jin dadin jama'a sun kasance ne sakamakon kudin dan Adam da dimokuradiyya. An jefa 'yan mata a kurkuku kuma wa] anda suka yi zanga-zangar sun yi wa' yan ta'addanci hari. "Fidel Castro ta ci gaba da iko ta hanyar tsoro, ta hanyar yin amfani da 'yan sanda na sirri, ta hanyar yin amfani da harkokin siyasar, kamar yadda Stalin yayi ko kamar Hitler ya yi," in ji Calzon. Bacewar asarar Soviet a farkon shekarun 1990 ya sa Cuba ya zama mummunan ciki kuma tilasta gwamnati ta aiwatar da wasu canje-canje na tattalin arziki da yawa, kamar su halatta yin amfani da dollar da kuma barin ƙananan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu kamar gidajen cin abinci. Amma Mista Castro ya yi tsayayya har ma da wadannan matakan da ke zuwa ga tsarin kasuwancin kyauta kuma ya rushe sau ɗaya bayan rikicin tattalin arziki na yanzu ya ƙare. Ya zargi Amurka da matsalolin tattalin arziki na Cuba a kan harkokin kasuwancin Amurka da kuma sau da yawa shugabanci kan rallies na Amurka da ke Havana don sukar Amurka. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Mr. Castro ya bunkasa dangantakar abokantaka tare da shugaban Venezuela, Hugo Chavez. Tare da juna, maza biyu sunyi aiki don magance tasirin Amurka a Latin America - kuma sun sami nasara wajen shirya harkar Amurka da Amurka a yankin. Wani malamin kasar Cuba, Thomas Paterson na Jami'ar Connecticut, ya kwatanta Mr. Castro ga shugaban kasar Sin Mao Zedong, kuma ya yi imanin cewa za a tuna da shi wannan hanya. "Ina tsammanin za a tuna da shi sosai kamar yadda Mao Zedong ke tunawa a kasar Sin a matsayin wanda ya kayar da tsarin cin hanci da rashawa, wanda ya sanya maƙwabcinsa asalin kasarsa, wanda ya kori 'yan kasashen waje," in ji Paterson . "A daidai wannan lokaci, kamar yadda batun kasar Sin ya yi Mao a yau, za a yi masa zargi kamar yadda yake da iko, mai karfi kuma ya sanya wa mutanen Cuban kyauta masu ban sha'awa."