Yadda za a fahimci gine-ginen gargajiya a Birtaniya
Birnin Burtaniya yana da tsinkaye tare da mutum mai ban mamaki da ya gina sassan da ke dubban shekaru, kowannensu da sunan kansa na musamman.
Sharuɗan jagora suna kai mu zuwa dolmens, brochs, cromlechi, menhirs kamar dai kowa da kowa san abin da suke. Amma menene waɗannan abubuwa duk da haka? Me muke sani game da su? Kuma mafi mahimmanci, ta yaya zaku iya bayanin abin da kuke kallon lokacin da kuka ga daya?
Wannan haruffan rubutun kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin Burtaniya a cikin Birtaniya ya kamata ya taimake ka ka fahimci wasu daga cikin wadannan asiri.
Barrow
Ya kafa ƙasa da duwatsu a kan wani kabari ko rukuni na kaburbura. Har ila yau ake kira rufi ko tumulus.
Shafi
Ginin ƙarfe, wanda aka samo a arewacin da yamma Scotland. Yana da babbar rufaffen ginin da aka gina tare da zane-zane guda biyu, ganuwar gine-gine. Ginin ganuwar biyu a cikin ɗayan, yana da sarari tsakanin su kuma an haɗa su a wurare daban-daban. Wannan fasalin ya nuna cewa ɗakin hasumiya zai iya tashi zuwa sama da 40. An taba tsammani sun kasance masu tsaro amma akwai da yawa daga cikinsu waɗanda masu binciken ilimin kimiyya yanzu suna zaton suna da wata manufa daban. Suna bayar da shawarar cewa kawai maganganun mallaki ne ko kuma kasancewa a cikin ƙasa wanda ya dace da sha'awar masu fitar da su. Akalla 50 aka gano a Orkney kodayake kawai kaɗan ne daga cikin su. Dubi Broch of Gurness .
Byre
Lokacin Birtaniya don shayarwa. Daresai da suka rigaya sun riga sun kare wasu dabbobin, kuma wani lokacin hatsi, kazalika.
Cairn
A mafi mahimmancinsa, cairn wani shiri ne na manyan duwatsu wanda aka sanya a matsayin abin tunawa, alama ko gargadi.
A cikin Birtaniya, madogarar zobe ta zama tsattsauran ra'ayi mai tsabta - Girman duwatsu, wanda aka samo mafi yawa a Arewa maso yammacin Ingila, watakila 50 ko 60 feet. Turawa sun sami shaidun wuta da binne mutane cikin wadannan. Tsarin cairns, na kowa a cikin Wales, ƙananan ƙaura ne, kewaye da dutsen duwatsu wanda ya fi girma.
Causeway
Hanyar da aka rigaya ta riga ta wuce hanya ne mai Girma a fadin ƙasar. An saka su tare da katako a kan haɗuwa don samar da kafa mai karfi. Hanyar Fiskerton a cikin Wurin Witham na Lincolnshire an halicci kimanin 600 BC
Chambered Tomb
Gidajen wuraren da ake binne su ta hanyar wani irin tashar jiragen ruwa kuma suna rarraba zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ɗakuna ga mutane, kamar mausoleum na zamani, suna nuna matsanancin matsayi. Katsunan da ba a san su ba kamar yadda aka yi a kan shimfidar wuri. Wasu masu binciken ilimin kimiyya a yanzu suna tunanin cewa babban ɗakin kaburbura ya yi aiki na al'ada kamar yadda cathedrals na zamani suke yi.
Cist
An fara samo asalin "kabari" a cikin akwati ko akwatin dutse. Duba Girman Girma Cist burial.
Clapper Bridge
Gidajen gine-ginen da aka gina da duwatsu masu tsawo suna tallafawa da dutse da aka gina da dutse. Saboda kyawawan kayan gini, ana iya gina su don ba da damar dawakan dawakai suka ƙetare ƙetare. Akwai gadoji na Clapper a Dartmoor da Exmoor da Snowdonia a Wales. Wasu kwanan wata daga tsakiyar zamanai kuma mutane da yawa suna amfani da su akai-akai a hanyoyi masu tafiya.
Crannog
Ƙananan tsibirin artificial, shafin yanar gizo na rigakafi ko gida kuma an samo shi a cikin laguna da wadata a Scotland da Ireland. A kasashen yammacin Scotland, crannogs suna da tushe na dutse kuma yawanci suna cike da ciyayi saboda dabbobi ba su cinye su.
A wasu wurare an gina katako a kan rassan katako. Dubi hoton hoto akan Loch Awe.
Cromlech
Kalmar da aka yi amfani da shi a Wales don bayyana wani kabarin da aka sharagi ko ƙofar wani kabari da aka ɗora. Ya yi kama da wata dabba (duba ƙasa).
Dolmen
Ɗauren dutse mai girma da ke tallafawa duwatsu masu tsaka-tsaka a cikin hanyar tashar. Dolmens sune ragowar kaburbura na dutse a bayan bayanan da aka haɗu da su (sunadaran). Haka ma yana yiwuwa cewa dolmens kawai alamu ne kawai.
Henge
Ɗauki mai zurfi ko mai zurfi tare da banki mai ginawa da tsutsa a cikin banki da aka yi amfani da su don bukukuwan ko don lissafin lokaci da yanayi. Sunan yana fitowa daga Stonehenge , misali mafi shahara. Sunanta ya fito ne daga Anglo Saxon don ratayewa ko dutse. Yawancin abu ne na daidaitawar rana, ko watã, tare da wasu sharuɗɗa na wani lokaci.
A lokacin Summer Solstice , taron jama'a sun isa Stonehenge don su yi bikin biki mafi tsawo na shekara. Amma, a hakikanin gaskiya, ma'anar waɗannan haɓakawa har yanzu suna da kyau sosai.
Hill Fort
Tsarin duniya, daga Iron Age ko kuma a baya, tare da matuka masu tasowa da kuma tsarin tsabta. Kodayake sun kasance masu tsaron gida, an gina su a kan ƙasa mafi girma a wani yanki, Iron Age tsaunuka kuma yana tallafa wa ƙananan gidaje da ma'aikata. Ƙarjin Maiden a Dorset da tsohon Sarum, kusa da Stonehenge, su ne misalai na tuddai.
Menhir
Wani babban dutse mai tsawo, wasu lokuta ana sassaƙa shi da siffar Girman Al'adu da alamomi. Menhirs na iya kasancewa duwatsu masu tsayi guda ɗaya, kamar babbar Rudston Monolith a Yorkshire Wolds. Kimanin mita 26 da tsayi, wannan mayaƙan, a cikin dukan cocin Katolika a Rudston, shi ne dutse mafi tsawo a Birtaniya kuma aka gina game da shekara ta 1600 kafin zuwan. Wasu mahirs na iya zama a cikin kungiyoyi ko har ma da dutse. Dutsen Dutsen Dama yana cikin rukuni.
Hanya Tafiyar
Kamar kamannin kaburbura, wuraren ɓoye suna da wani sashi na ciki, da aka yi da duwatsun kuma an ɗora su da dutse masu dutse, suna kaiwa ga cikin gida, ɗakin taro. Maeshowe a kan Orkney wani kabari ne da aka binne a ƙarƙashin babban ɗakin maƙalawa. Orkney yana da kamanni da yawa, a halin yanzu balagagge ba.
Wheelhouse
Gidan da ke zaune a yammacin Isles na Scotland. Gidan ɗakin da ke gaban dutsen yana da ganuwar ganuwar dutse da dutsen dutse, wanda aka shirya kamar mai magana da ƙafa, wanda yana goyon bayan ginin dutse da dutse.