Orkney's Stone Age Monuments - New Discoveries Unique a Turai

01 na 07

Bincike na 21st a kan Masu binciken Orkney Amaze

Orkney mai ban mamaki Stone Age monuments sun daɗe masanan kimiyya, masana tarihi da kuma baƙi daidaita. Yanzu, binciken da aka samu tun kwanan watan Millennium, ya ɗaga Zuciya Neolithic Orkney a cikin wani nau'i na kansa.

Shekaru da dama, tsohuwar duniyar Orkney, musamman ma wadanda aka haɗu a kan tsibirin mafi girma (mai suna The Mainland ), sun jawo hankalin masu bincike. Gidajen dutse masu yawa, da wuraren da aka binne, da kuma kauyuka da aka binne, wasu daga cikinsu (fiye da shekaru 5,000) sune Masshenge ko Pyramids, an rubuta su a cikin jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO a shekarar 1999.

Harkokin UNESCO na The Heart of Neolithic Orkney , yayin da ake kira shafin, ya haifar da karin bincike game da manyan wuraren da ba a bayyana ba kuma ba a bayyana su ba. Kuma a shekara ta 2002, a kan iyakokin ƙasa da aka sani da Ness of Brodgar, shaida na wani abu da yafi girma - da yawa fiye da duk wani Tarihin Girma a ko'ina cikin Turai - ya fara fitowa.

Kwayar da ke cikin wannan shafin mai ban mamaki yana buɗewa ga jama'a a watan Yuli da Agusta a kowace shekara. Na gaba, gano abubuwan da masu binciken ilimin kimiyya suka gano da kuma lokacin da za ka ziyarci.

02 na 07

Cibiyar Ritual a kan Ness of Brodgar

Ness of Brodgar wata gada ce ta ƙasa tsakanin ƙauyuka biyu na Orkney, Harray da Stenness. Biyu daga cikin muhimman wurare na Orkney sun kasance a kowane ƙarshen - The Stand Stones of Stenness and the Ring of Brodgar.

Lokacin da masu nazarin ilimin kimiyya suka fara nazarin ilimin lissafi a shekara ta 2002 basu san cewa zasu iya gano ɗakunan gine-gine da gine-gine na al'ada ba, wanda ke kewaye da gine-ginen dutse a kowane gefe, kewaye da kayan aiki da walƙiya da kuma shimfiɗawa a wani yanki da ya dace da fagen kwallon kafa guda hudu. .

Babbar gine-gine, mai tsawon mita 82 da nisan mita 20, aka gano a shekarar 2008. An kewaye shi da ganuwar mita 5 mita (kimanin mita 16.5) wanda har yanzu yana da tsayi uku.

Babu wanda ya san abin da ake amfani dashi don amma, tun da yawa daga cikin gine-ginen suna da hearths amma ba su zama na gida ba, masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa an yi amfani da su a al'ada da sadaukarwa watakila ya shafi damuwa ko mutuwa.

Carbon Dating ya nuna cewa gine-ginen suna amfani da su daga kimanin shekara ta 3200 kafin zuwan BC, har tsawon shekaru 1,000. Abubuwan da suke da shi - daga ma'aunin da aka yi da dutse mai tsabta don shaida na fentin ciki da kuma kayan ado - yana ci gaba da masu bincike masu ban mamaki.

Gano shafin a 3D.

Ziyarci Ness of Brodgar

Digs faruwa a kowace rani. Kowane mutum da ƙungiyoyin iyali suna maraba da su ziyarci, ga gwanin ci gaba kuma suna da 'yanci a tsakanin kwanakin da aka sanar kafin farkon kakar wasa.

03 of 07

Dutsen Dama na Dama

Abubuwan tarihin tarihin dutse wanda aka gano a Orkney, sune sauran wuraren tarihi na UNESCO, The Heart of Neolithic Orkney. Matsayi mai ban sha'awa da kuma yanayi a cikin Orkney na yankin arewa maso gabas, suna ci gaba da rataye akan asirinsu.

Dutsen Dama na Dama na iya zama mafi dutsen dutse mafi girma kuma yana tafiya a cikin tsibirin Birtaniya. Carbon dating yana samo asali daga kimanin shekaru 5,400 da suka wuce. A yau, kawai hudu daga ainihin duwatsu masu tsabta 12 sun kasance. Za a iya amfani da babban ɗakin da ke cikin dutsen da aka yi amfani da shi don yin amfani da al'ada, kuma watakila ma shiri na tarurruka na gari (an gano kasussuran dabba a cikin tuddai). Shafukan yanar gizo na Tarihi na Tarihi na Scotland kuma yana da kyauta don ziyarta, shekara guda.

Na ziyarci Hannun Dama a wata maraice ta farkon Maris. Wannan asusun na kwarewa a can zai ba ku ra'ayin abin da za ku sa ran:

Sai kawai a waje da kewayen Dutsen Dama na Dama, iska ta juya ruwan damina mai ruwan sama a cikin wani kida. Amma duk da haka na yi mamakin cewa hankalin ruwa a kan tekun da ke kusa kusa da shi ya zama ruwan sanyi a cikin ruwan sama.

Da zarar cikin cikin da'irar, iska ta farfado. Jagoranmu na Orkney na gida, ya nuna alamar abubuwan da ke cikin shafin. Maganganun da aka sanya a gaban abin da ya nuna cewa "teburin karewa" zai kara da muryoyin su.

Jagoran ya jagorantar wasu igiyoyi guda biyu kuma ya ba kowannenmu damar shiga cikin layin, idanu idanun, riƙe da sandunan. Yayin da muka ketare tsakanin tsabar duwatsun, sai sandunan da suka rataye. Skeptic ko da yake ni ne, dole in yarda cewa, lokacin da na tsallake layin tare da idanu na rufe, sai sanduna suka taru sannan daga baya a hannuna. Spooky!

04 of 07

Ring of Brodgar

Babban yakin da ake kira Ring of Brodgar ya hada da wani dutse da dutse wanda ya kunshi kwaskwarima 60, a matsayinsu ya keɓe mita shida. Tashi talatin da shida daga cikin dutsen na ainihi sun kasance. An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan nau'o'in dutse a Birtaniya.

Ring da tsararraki 13 da suke kewaye da shi ba a taɓa gwada su ba saboda haka babu wanda ya tabbata game da shekarun da suka kasance ko kuma manufar su. Ana tsammanin cewa zobe ya kasance tsakanin 2500 zuwa 2000 BC.

Hanyoyin da suke fitowa daga ko'ina cikin kogin Orkney da kuma wurare masu kusa na Hoy suna da ban sha'awa kuma suna nuna alamar m, amma zane-zane mai ban mamaki wanda ke haifar da shafin yanar gizo mai suna Heart of Neolithic Orkney.

Tukwici: Wakilin Orkney ya bada shawarar cewa Ring of Brodgar yana da mota a kan mota amma mai dacewa zai iya zama musa kuma yana da damuwa don haka masu amfani da keken hannu masu zaman kansu zasu iya samun mataimaki.

05 of 07

Maeshowe

Maeshowe (wanda ake kira mays yadda ) yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun kiyayewa da kuma mafi girma a cairns a Turai. An gina shi kimanin shekaru 5,000 da suka wuce daga manyan sassan dutse wanda aka rufe da ƙasa. Yana zaune a cikin rabuwa mai ban sha'awa a tsakiyar wani wuri marar kyau. Ga ɗanɗana abin da ziyarar yake kamar:

Mun ketare sararin samaniya don mu isa Maeshowe, tare da jingina wani tafki kusa da tafarkin ruwan sama don guje wa iskar iska. Kogin Orkney na yanayin hunturu ya zama kamar ya dace da ziyartar wannan karamar kurkuku (kimanin 2700 BC), wanda an halicce shi don girmamawa ko yin sujada ga rana mai sanyi da watã. An ware shi kuma mai ban mamaki a tsakiyar filin gona, a cikin teku.

Shigar da kabarin tare da jagoranmu, dole ne mu yi watsi da motsawa mai tsayi mai tsawon mita 4. Jagoranmu ya jagoranci mu, muna jira a cikin babban coci-kamar ɗakin gida don gaya mana lokacin da yake da lafiya don daidaitawa.

Sakamakon, tare da wani tsararren tarihi na dā wanda ake kira Barnhouse Stone, wanda ya wuce, ya tashi tare da rudun rana, yana haskakawa cikin gida na kimanin makonni shida a cikin hunturu solstice. Cibiyar yanar gizo mai suna Maeshowe ta watsa shirye-shirye.

Ana maimaita siffar Maeshowe a wurare da yawa a cikin Orkney. Bayan dan lokaci, jagoranmu ya bayyana, mafi yawan mutane sun fara ganin mutum ya yi ta a cikin kowane birni kuma ya tashi akan tsibirin.

Muhimmancin

• Yawon shakatawa na tsawon lokaci zai fara tsakanin karfe 10 na safe da karfe 4 na safe kuma dole ne a riƙa rubuta su a gaba.
• Bude kullum daga karfe 9:30 zuwa 5 na yamma Afrilu 1 zuwa Satumba 30 kuma daga 10 zuwa 4 zuwa Oktoba 1 zuwa Maris 31.
• Ana cajin shigarwa
• Ziyarci dandalin yanar gizon su don biyan umarni da farashin farashin Tun daga shekara ta 2016, samfurin yanar gizon ba a samuwa amma tarho tarho.

Winter Solstice da Sunset

Wadannan sune lokuta da suka fi dacewa don ziyarci Maeshowe kuma ana zuwa jerin kwanakin nan a cikin shekaru biyar - don haka kada ka sanya zuciyar ka a can a can. A wasu lokutan shekara, ana amfani da hasken na musamman don baka tasiri sosai game da abin da solstice yake ciki a cikin cairn.

06 of 07

Rashin ƙetare a Maeshowe

Mutanen da ke zaune a Orkney daga baya sun yi la'akari da yadda ake binne tsibirin tsibirin. Wani lokaci a karni na 12, wani rukuni na 'yan hambararrun Norse, suna murna da dawowa da lafiya, na iya karya cikin Maeshowe.

Idan tsibirin Viking saga, The Orkneyinga za a iya gaskanta, sun sha kwana uku da aka kama a cikin kabarin ba su da kyau. Wannan na iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa, ba kamar sauran wuraren da aka binne ba, wanda aka samu a arewacin Turai, rufin Maeshowe ya rushe kuma dole ne a sake gina shi.

Runes na Maeshowe

Tabbas akwai wata hanyar da za ta bayyana dalilin da ya sa mafi yawan tarin yawa na Turai da aka yi amfani da su, kamar yadda aka tsara, a cikin bangon Maeshowe. Bisa ga jagoranmu, mai ba da labari daga Tarihi na Tarihi, kamar sabbin kayan aiki na yau da kullum da yawa daga cikin masu gudu suna da damuwa da ba da sha'awa. Sun kori mata masu zalunci ko kuma alfahari da jima'i. Yawancin wadanda za a iya raba su tare da masu sauraron iyali, suna ba da alama cewa ƙungiyar masu tawali'u sun rubuta su, wadanda ke da alaƙa.

Ɗaya, wanda ya hada da magungunan fasaha, ya ce, "Wadannan 'yan gudun hijirar sun sassaƙa shi da mutumin da ya fi kyan gani a cikin Oceans."

Wani kuma, wanda ya zana kimanin mita 12 a saman bene (tunanin wani Viking yana zaune a kan ƙafarsa), ya ce, "Tholfir Kolbeinsson ya sassaka wadannan hanyoyi sosai."

07 of 07

Skara Brae Tashi Daga Ƙananan Sands of Time

Skara Brae wani ƙauye ne na kauye mai girma. Gidansa mai shekaru 5,000 yana da kyau sosai bayan an binne shi don millennia.

Komawa zuwa Skara Brae, daga cibiyar baƙo, kimanin kashi huɗu na mile, an haɗa shi tare da alamomin da suka dawo da ku a baya - bayan da aka yi bayanin Independence, bayan Magna Carta, haihuwar Kristi, ginin da Pyramids da Stonehenge, har sai, a ƙarshe, a cikin nesa da ba a taba gani ba, ƙauyen Skara Brae.

Sunan ya fito ne daga babban yumbu da aka wanke a tsakiyar karni na 19. Saboda Skara Brae an binne shi a cikin yashi - a ƙasar da ba a taɓa farfadowa ba - gidajen sun kasance kusan kiyaye su. Ka yi la'akari da abin mamaki na Laird na kusa da Skaill House, a kusa da 1850, lokacin da ya gano abin da aka samu a bakin teku.

A Real Cozy Cottage

Kafin yin tafiya zuwa shafin yanar gizo, kuyi wani lokaci a cikin Replica a cibiyar baƙo. Yana da ainihin kwafin gida 7 a shafin. Tsaya a ciki, zaka iya gano iyayen gada, da gidan wuta, har ma da mai kwalliyar da aka ajiye tukwane da kuma pans da kuma abincin da aka ajiye a kasa. Gidan yana da cikakke kuma zaku iya tunanin kwatankwacin ku. Nuna kayan tarihi da aka samo a shafin sun hada da dice, kayan aiki, da kayan ado.

A shafin yanar gizo, wasu wurare guda uku suna da alaƙa da wasu wurare da za a iya ɗauka a kan lokaci daya. Wannan nassi ya ci gaba da zama wuri mai girma wanda aka bayyana azaman taron.

Mun ziyarci wani biki a ranar Janairu - don haka blustery a gaskiya cewa daya daga cikin rukuninmu ya kasance a baya don kada a busa shi. Ruwa, tsakar rana ta dusar rana ya yi duhu sosai kuma teku, ba ta da ƙasa da mita 100, mai tsanani ne da daji. Zai yiwu Skara Brae ya fi sauƙi don ziyarta a rana mai tsanani. Amma tunanin tunanin mutanen da suka kare daga wurin tashin hankali fiye da shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata sun kara da cewa ba zai yiwu ba.

Muhimmancin

• Bude kullum, 9:30 am zuwa 5:30 am Afrilu 1 zuwa Satumba 30 zuwa 10 na safe zuwa 4 na yamma Oktoba 1 zuwa Maris 31.

• Ana cajin shigarwa. Don cikakkun bayanai, bayani na yau da kullum game da farashin da canje-canje a lokacin buɗewa, ziyarci shafin yanar gizon Tarihi na Scotland.

• Cibiyar baƙi da kantin sayar da kayan abinci
• Motar da ke cikin motar da aka samo a farkon ya fara zama tushen daman samun damar shiga. Ziyarci shafin yanar gizon don cikakken bayani.