7 Sanannun Gaskiya Game da Mt. Everest

Ka yi tunanin ka san duk abin da ya kamata ka san game da dutsen mafi tsawo a duniya? Ka sake tunani! Muna da abubuwa bakwai da aka sani game da Mt. Everest wanda ya tabbata ya ba ka sabon hangen zaman gaba a kan wannan wurin hutawa.

• 01 na 07

  Kamar yadda Yalla shine Everest?

  A shekara ta 1955 wata ƙungiyar masu binciken Indiya ta ziyarci Hauwa'u don su gwada tsawo a kan dutse. Yin amfani da kayan aiki mafi kyau na yini, sun yanke shawarar cewa ya tsaya a kan matsayi na 29,029 bisa matakin teku, wanda ya kasance matsayin matsayin jami'ar da Gwamnatin Nepal da gwamnatocin kasar suka amince da ita har yau.

  Amma, a 1999, Kungiyar National Geographic ta sanya na'urar GPS a taron, kuma ta rubuta matsayi mai tsawon mita 29,035. Bayan haka, a shekara ta 2005, ƙungiyar 'yan kasar Sin sun yi amfani da kyawawan kayan don auna ma'aunin dutse kamar yadda zai tsaya ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara da kuma dusar ƙanƙara da suka tara ba. Sakamakon ma'aikatan su ya zo ne a 29,017 feet.

  Wanne ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ma'auni daidai ne? A halin yanzu, haikalin Hauwa'u ya kasance na 29,029, amma an tsara shirye-shirye don auna tsaunin dutsen, musamman tun da an yi imani cewa tsawo zai iya canzawa bayan girgizar kasa ta 2015. Wataƙila za mu sami ra'ayi na gaskiya a cikin ƙarshe.

• 02 na 07

  Labaran Mallory ta Kamara

  Adadin farko na taron na Everest ya rubuta Edmund Hillary da Tenzing Norgay a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1953. Amma, akwai wasu da suka yi imani cewa an haura da yawa a baya.

  A baya a 1924, wani mai hawa sama da sunan George Mallory, tare da abokin tarayya Andrew Irvine, sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin ƙoƙari na kammala hawan dutse. An ga Duo ne a ranar 8 ga watan Yunin wannan shekara a kasa da taron amma a ci gaba da cigaba. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, sun ɓace, suka bar wani abu mai ban mamaki na tsawon shekaru. Shin sun sanya shi a saman kusan shekaru talatin kafin Hillary da Norgay ko sun hallaka a cikin ƙoƙari?

  A shekarar 1999, ƙungiyar climbers ta gano cewa Mallory ya kasance a kan gangami na Everest. Jikin ya yi kadan ya bayyana ko ya kai ga taron a ko a'a ko da yake ba a samo kamara a cikin jakarta ba. An yi imanin cewa Irvine yana ɗauke da kamara a yayin da suke hawan hawan, kuma wannan na'urar zata iya riƙe shaidar shaidar nasarar su ko rashin nasara. Har zuwa yau, jikin Irvine - da kamara - ba a same su ba, amma idan an gano shi, zai iya canza canjin tarihi har abada.

• 03 of 07

  Wane ne yafi yawa ya fi girma?

  Hawan Everest ba karami ba ne, kuma kaiwa saman ya kasance babban ci gaba. Amma ga wasu mutane, hawa dutsen sau daya kawai bai isa ba. A hakikanin gaskiya, maza biyu - Apa Sherpa da Phurba Tashi Sherpa - an rataye su ne ga wuraren da suka ci nasara. Dukkan 'yan hawa biyu sun tsaya a saman mafi girman matsayi a duniya da sau 21 sau kowanne .

  Abubuwan da aka rubuta don mafi yawan tarurruka na wanda ba Sherpa da aka gudanar da shi ne American Dave Hahn, jagorancin RMI Expeditions. Ya yi tafiya zuwa taron har sau 15. Matar da ta fi girma ita ce Lhakpa Sherpa, wanda ya hau kan dutse mai ban sha'awa sau 8.

• 04 of 07

  Mafi Ascents

  Ga mafi yawan masu hawa, suna zuwa taron ne na daukan kwanaki da yawa tare da tasha a wurare daban-daban don hutawa da kuma farfadowa a hanya. Amma 'yan ƙwararrun' yan ƙwararrun 'yan fasaha sun iya tafiya daga Base Camp zuwa taron ne a cikin sauri da sauri, suna tsara sabbin bayanai a cikin tsari.

  Alal misali, lokaci mafi sauri ga wani taro na Everest daga Kudancin Kudancin Nepal a halin yanzu shi ne Lakpa Gelu Sherpa wanda ke gudanar da tafiya daga BC zuwa saman a cikin sa'o'i 10 da minti 56 a 2003. A halin yanzu, a Arewacin Arewa a Tibet, rikodin yana tsaye a sa'o'i 16 da minti 45 da kuma dan wasan Italiya italien Hans Kammerlander ya kafa a shekarar 1996.

• 05 of 07

  Hanyar Puja: Bincike izinin daga Dutsen Gida

  A cikin al'adar addinin Buddha na Himalaya Everest an san shi da Chomolungma, wanda ke fassara zuwa "Uwargidan Uwargidan Allah." Saboda haka, ana gani a saman wuri mai tsorata, yana buƙatar dukan 'yan dutsen su nemi izinin su kuma su sami matsala kafin su fara tafiya a kan dutse. Wannan yana faruwa ne a lokacin bikin puja, wanda aka yi a al'ada a sansanin Camp kafin fara tashi.

  Ana amfani da puja ne ta Buddhist Lama da 'yan majalisu biyu ko fiye, waɗanda suka gina wani wuri daga duwatsu a sansani. A lokacin bikin ne suka nemi wadataccen kariya da kariya yayin da masu hawa sama suka shirya don hawan su. Har ila yau, suna haɓaka kayan hawan gwanin, wanda ya haɗa da giraguni na kankara, dindindin, harbi, da sauransu.

  Ga mutanen Sherpa wannan mataki ne mai muhimmanci wanda dole ne a kammala kafin fara aikin. Yawancin ba za su taba kafa tafiya a kan Everest ba tare da farawa puja ba. Shin wannan kyama ne kawai? Zai yiwu sosai. Amma kuma al'ada ne da ke da shekaru dari da yawa.

• 06 of 07

  Tsofaffin 'Yan Gwanguwa

  Shekaru ne kawai adadin idan yazo da Everest. Tabbas, mafi yawan wadanda ke tafiya zuwa dutse sune masu hawan kaya a cikin shekaru 30 da 40, amma wasu sun fada a waje da wannan rukuni. Alal misali, Yuichiro Miura na kasar Japan, wanda yake shekaru 80, yana da shekaru 224 lokacin da ya koma baya a shekarar 2013. Yawancin shekarun da ya wuce a kan dutse shi ne Jordan Jordan Romero, wanda ya cika wannan wannan alama a lokacin da ya kai shekaru 13 kawai, watanni 10, da kwanaki 10 a 2010.

  Kwanan nan, gwamnatocin Nepal da China sun amince su sanya tsawon hani kan masu hawa, suna bukatar su zama akalla shekaru 16 kafin suyi kokarin dutsen. Dukansu kasashe sun yi tafiye-tafiye tare da tafiya a kan tsufa, ko da yake za a iya buƙatar karin masu hawa da hawa don yin gwajin likita kafin su fara fassarar.

  Abin baƙin ciki, Miura ya shafe a Everest a shekara ta 2017 yayin ƙoƙarin shiga taron har yanzu yana da shekaru 85.

• 07 of 07

  Ba gaskiya ba ne mafi tsayi a kan duniya

  Duk da yake taron na Everest zai kasance mafi girma a duniya, ba lallai shi ne dutse mafi tsawo a duniyar ba. Wannan bambanci yana zuwa Mauna Kea a Hawaii, wanda yake ainihin matuka 33,465, tsayinsa ya kai mita 4436 ne fiye da Everest.

  To, me ya sa ba a gane Mauna Kea a mafi girma a sama ba? Domin yawancin dutsen na zaune a ƙarƙashin teku. Taron ne kawai ya karu 13,796 feet sama da teku, yana nuna ya zama m in size idan aka kwatanta da Himalayan Kattai.