Yanayi, Tarihi, Kudin hawan, da sauran Dutsen Everest Facts
Mount Everest yana kan iyaka tsakanin Tibet da Nepal a cikin Himalayas a Asiya.
Everest yana zaune a cikin Mahalangur Range a kan Tibet ta Filato da ake kira Qing Zang Gaoyuan. Wannan taron ya kasance daidai tsakanin Tibet da Nepal.
Mount Everest ya kasance da tsayi mai yawa. Mahalangur Range yana da gida hudu daga cikin tudu mafi girma na duniya. Mount Everest irin nau'i ne a bango. Masu saran farko a Nepal basu da tabbacin wane dutse ne Everest har sai wani ya bayyana musu!
A gefen Nepali, Dutsen Everest yana cikin Sagarmatha National Park a yankin Solukhumbu. A kan titin Tibet, Mount Everest yana a Tingri County a yankin Xigaze, abin da kasar Sin ta dauka zama yanki mai zaman kanta da kuma wani ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin.
Saboda ƙuntatawar siyasar da wasu dalilai, sashen Nepali na Everest ya fi sauƙi kuma sau da yawa a cikin hasken rana. Lokacin da wani ya ce za su "yi tafiya zuwa sansanin na Everest Base ," suna magana game da Cibiyar Kudancin Kudancin Nasarar 17,598 a Nepal.
Yaya Hawan Dutsen Hauwa'u yake Dutsen Hauwa'u?
Nazarin da Nepal da China suka karbi (a yanzu) sun ba da nauyin: mita 29,829 (8,840 mita) a saman matakin teku.
Kamar yadda fasaha ya inganta, hanyoyin bincike daban-daban suna samar da sakamakon daban-daban don tsayin dutsen Mount Everest. Masanan binciken kwayoyin halitta ba su yarda ba ko ma'aunin ya kamata ya kasance akan dusar ƙanƙara ko dutsen. Ƙara zuwa ga damunsu, aikin motsi ne na yin dutse girma a kowace shekara!
A mita 29,029 (mita 8,840) sama da tekun, Mount Everest shine dutse mafi girma kuma mafi girma a duniya bisa la'akari da ma'auni zuwa matakin teku.
Shirin Himalayas na Asia- mafi girman dutse a duniya - a cikin kasashe shida: Sin, Nepal, India, Pakistan, Bhutan , da Afghanistan. Himalaya yana nufin "gidan snow" a Sanskrit.
A ina ne Sunan "Everest" Yazo Daga?
Abin ban mamaki, dutsen da ya fi tsayi a duniya bai samu sunansa na yamma ba daga duk wanda ya hau dutsen. Ana kiran dutse ga Sir George Everest, Welsh Surveyor General of India a lokacin. Bai yarda da girmamawa ba kuma ya nuna ra'ayi akan dalilan da dama.
Harkokin siyasa a 1865 ba su saurari ba, har yanzu sun sake suna "Peak XV" zuwa "Everest" don girmama Sir George Everest. Mene ne mafi muni, maganar da ake kira Welsh shine ainihin "Ƙaunar" ba "Ever-Est" ba!
Dutsen Everest ya riga ya sami sunayen da yawa daga harsuna daban-daban, amma babu wanda ya isa ya yi aiki ba tare da zaluntar ji na wani ba. Sagarmatha, sunan Nepali ga Everest da filin shakatawa na kewaye, ba a sanya su ba har sai shekarun 1960.
Sunan Tibet na Everest shine Chomolungma wanda ke nufin "Uba mai tsarki."
Yaya yawancin yana da kudin hawan Dutsen Everest?
Hawan Dutsen Everest yana da tsada . Kuma wannan yana daya daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan inda ba ka so a yanke sasanninta a kan kayan aiki mai mahimmanci ko kuma hayar wa wanda bai san abin da suke yi ba.
Bayanin da Gwamnatin Nepale ta ba ta ta kashe Naira 11,000 a kan tsayi. Wannan takarda ne mai tsada. Amma sauran ƙananan biyan kuɗi da caji suna ajiyewa a kan wannan sauri.
Za a caje ku a rana a sansanin sansanin don samun ceto a hannunku, inshora don samun jikinku idan ya cancanta ... kudaden na iya hawawa da sauri zuwa $ 25,000 kafin ku saya kayan aikin farko ko hayan Sherpas da jagora.
The "Ice Doctor" Sherpas wanda ya shirya hanya na kakar yana so diyya. Za ku kuma biyan kuɗin kuɗin yau da kullum ga masu dafa abinci, samun damar wayar, shafe-shafe, shafukan yanayi, da dai sauransu. - za ku kasance a Base Camp na tsawon watanni biyu ko fiye, dangane da tsawon lokacin da kuka fara.
Gear da za ta iya tsayayya da jahannama ya ƙaddara a kan wani jirgin ruwa na Everest ba cheap. Ɗaya daga cikin karamin kwalban oxygen lita 3 zai iya biya fiye da $ 500 kowace. Kuna buƙatar akalla biyar, watakila ƙarin. Dole ku saya da Sherpas, ma. Kwancen takalma da kyau da kuma tsauraran matakai za su biya akalla $ 1,000.
Zaɓin kaya mai daraja zai iya ƙwace yatsun ku. Kayan jinginar mutum yana gudana tsakanin $ 7,000-10,000 a kowane lokaci.
A cewar marubucin, mai magana, da kuma mahalarta taron kundin koli Alan Arnette, farashin farashi don isa taron na Everest daga kudanci tare da jagoran yammaci shine $ 64,750 a shekarar 2017.
A shekara ta 1996, ƙungiyar Jon Krakauer ta biya dala 65,000 a kowane fanni na taron. Idan kana so ka kara yawan damar da za ka kai a kai kuma ka kasance da raye don ka fada game da shi, za ka so ka hayar da David Hahn. Tare da gwagwarmayar taron taro 15, yana riƙe da rikodin gadon bahar Sherpa. Rubuta tare da shi zai biya ku fiye da $ 115,000.
Wane ne ya hau Dutsen Hauwa'u farko?
Sir Edmund Hillary, mai kula da kudan zuma daga New Zealand da Nepalese Sherpa, Tenzing Norgay, sune farko da zasu halarci taron ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1953, a kusa da karfe 11:30 na safe. Duo ya rataye wasu kyakoki da ƙananan giciye kafin ya sauko zuwa bikin kasancewa ɓangare na tarihi.
A halin yanzu, an rufe Tibet zuwa kasashen waje saboda rikicin da kasar Sin ta yi. Nepal ta ba da izinin tafiya guda ɗaya na Everest kowace shekara; Harkokin gaggawa na gaba sun zo kusa amma sun kasa isa taron.
Rikici da masana'antu har yanzu suna fushi game da kocin Birtaniya George Mallory ya kai taro a 1924 kafin ya mutu akan dutsen. Ba a sami jikinsa har sai 1999. Har ila yau, Everest yana da kyau wajen samar da gardama da rikici.
Ƙididdigar Haɗakar Haɗaka ta Hauwa'u
- Apa Sherpa ya samu nasarar shiga taron ne sau 21 a Mayu 2011. Ya zauna a Utah.
- A shekara ta 2013, Sherpa Phurba Tashi ya rataya wa Sheriff tare da kokarinsa na 21 na babban taron. Tashi yana da sananne sosai game da rawar da yake takawa a cikin shirin shahararru na 2015 na Sherpa .
- {Asar Amirka Dave Hahn tana da tarihin nasarar da aka yi, game da wa] anda ba Sherpa; ya kai taron ne a karo na 15 a watan Mayu 2013.
- Jordan Romaro-wani dan shekara 13 daga California-ya kafa rikodin don kasancewa ƙaramar zuwa hawa Mount Everest a ranar 22 ga Mayu, 2010. Ya yi taron tare da mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa. Har ila yau, ya ci gaba da zama ƙarami don gama hawan Kasuwanci Bakwai.
- Ambasada Melissa Arnot ta yi kira ga ta 5th a shekarar 2013. Ta rike da rikodin don ci gaba da samun nasara daga wani dan Sherpa.
Hawan Dutsen Everest
Tun da yake taron ya kai tsaye tsakanin Tibet da Nepal, Dutsen Everest zai iya hawa daga kogin Tibet (arewacin arewa) ko daga yankin Nepale (kudu maso gabashin).
Farawa a Nepal da hawa daga hawan kudu maso gabashin kasar ana daukar su mafi sauki, dukansu don abubuwan da ke faruwa a tsaunuka da kuma tsarin mulki. Gudun daga arewaci kadan ne mai rahusa, duk da haka, ceto ya fi rikitarwa kuma ba a yarda da jiragen saukar jiragen sama a kan titin Tibet ba.
Yawancin tsaunuka suna ƙoƙari su hau Dutsen Everest daga yankin kudu maso gabas a Nepal, wanda ya fara daga mita 17,598 daga filin kwaminis na Everest.
Dutsen Dutsen Everest
Mafi yawan mutuwar a kan Dutsen Everest yana faruwa a lokacin zuriya. Dangane da abin da lokutan masu hawan dutse suka tashi zuwa taron, dole ne su sauko nan da nan da zarar sun isa saman don kauce wa guje wa oxygen. Lokaci yana koyaushe a kan masu hawa a cikin Mutuwar Mutuwa. Ƙananan kaɗan sun fara fita, hutawa, ko jin dadin ra'ayi bayan duk aikin da aka yi!
Ko da yake wasu masu hawa suna yin dogon lokaci don yin kiran waya a cikin gida.
Girman hawa sama da mita 8,000 (mita 26,000) suna dauke da "Yankin Mutuwa" a cikin tudu. Yankin yana rayuwa har zuwa sunansa. Matakan oxygen a wannan tayin suna da bakin ciki (kusa da kashi uku na iska a yanzu a teku) don tallafawa rayuwar mutum. Yawancin masu hawa da yawa, wadanda suka riga sun yi ƙoƙari ta hanyar ƙoƙari, zasu mutu ba tare da sunadarin oxygen ba.
Kwanan baya ana haifar da hawan jini a lokacin Mutuwa, yana sa masu hawa su makanta. Wani dan shekaru 28 da haihuwa dan Birtaniya ya fara makanta a shekarar 2010 a lokacin da yake hawansa kuma ya halaka a dutsen.
A 1999, Babu Chiri Sherpa ya kafa sabon rikodin ta wurin kasancewa a taron na tsawon sa'o'i 20. Har ma ya yi barci a dutsen! Abin takaici, jagorancin mai baƙar fata na Nepale ya hallaka a shekara ta 2001 bayan ya fadi a kan ƙoƙarinsa na 11.
Mount Everest Mutuwa
Kodayake mutuwar Dutsen Everest ta sami kulawa da yawa saboda kulawar dutsen, Everest ba lallai ba ne dutse mafi girma a duniya.
Annapurna I a Nepal tana da yawancin rashin mutuwa ga masu hawa, kusan kashi 34 cikin 100-fiye da ɗaya a cikin dutsen hawa uku sun hallaka a matsakaita. Abin mamaki, Annapurna na karshe a jerin jerin manyan duwatsu mafi girma a duniya. A kimanin kashi 29 cikin dari, K2 yana da kashi biyu mafi girma.
Ta kwatanta, Dutsen Everest yana da halin rashin mutuwa a yanzu kusan kashi 4-5; kasa da mutuwar mutum biyar a kowace taro. Wannan adadi ba ya hada da waɗanda suka mutu a cikin raƙuman ruwa da suka kai Base Camp.
Lokacin mafi girma a tarihin da Everest yayi ƙoƙari shine a shekarar 1996 lokacin da mummunan yanayi da yanke shawara mara kyau ya haifar da mutuwar mutane 15. Wannan mummunan yanayi a kan Dutsen Everest shine mayar da hankali ga littattafai masu yawa, ciki har da Jirgin Jon Krakauer na Cikin Ciki .
Wani mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunan yanayi a tarihin Mount Everest ya faru a ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2015, lokacin da mutane akalla mutane 19 suka rasa rayukansu a Base Camp. Rashin girgizar kasa ya haifar da girgizar kasa da ta lalata yawancin kasar. Shekarar da ta wuce, wani mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunar mummunan rauni ta kashe Sherpas a filin base na Camp Base wanda ke shirya hanyoyin domin kakar. An rufe katanga ta ƙarshe.
Hanyar tafiya zuwa Gidan Taron Hauwa'u na Hauwa'u
Ƙungiyar ta Everest Base a Nepal ta ziyarci dubban trekkers a kowace shekara. Babu wani kwarewa mai kwarewa ko kayan aikin fasaha da ake bukata don tafiyar da wahala. Amma lallai tabbas za ku iya magance sanyi (ƙananan ɗakin dakuna a cikin dakuna ba su da tsanani) kuma suna damu da girman.
A Cibiyar Gida, akwai kashi 53 cikin dari na oxygen samuwa a matakin teku. Yawancin masu hikimomi a shekara suna watsi da alamun tsaunuka mai tsabta kuma suna lalacewa a hanya. Abin mamaki shine, wadanda ke tafiya tare da kansu a Nepal suna fama da matsaloli kaɗan. Wata ka'idar da ke gudana ta nuna cewa masu tafiya a kan biranen tafiya sun fi firgita don barin rukunin ta hanyar magana game da ciwon kai.
Bada la'akari da alamomin AMS (ciwon kai, damuwa, damuwa) yana da haɗari-don't!
Ƙasa mafi Girma 10 a Duniya
Matakan da aka dogara ne akan matakin teku.
- Dutsen Hauwa'u: mita 29,035 (mita 8,850)
- K2 (tsakanin Sin da Pakistan): mita 28,251 (mita 8,611)
- Kangchenjunga (dake tsakanin India da Nepal): mita 28,169 (mita 8,586)
- Lhotse (wani ɓangare na nau'in Everest): mita 27,940 (mita 8,516)
- Makalu (tsakanin Nepal da China): mita 27,838 (mita 8,485)
- Cho Oyu (a kusa da Dutsen Everest tsakanin Nepal da China): mita 26,864 (8,188 mita)
- Dhaulagiri I (Nepal): mita 26,795 (mita 8,167)
- Manaslu (Nepal): mita 26,781 (8,163 mita)
- Nanga Parbat (Pakistan): mita 26,660 (8,126 mita)
- Annapurna I (Nepal): mita 26,545 (8,091 mita)