"Girman Juyin Halitta", William Wars da 1690
Ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1690, ƙungiyoyi biyu sun hada da Danish, Faransanci, Dutch, Huguenot, Jamus, Ingilishi da kuma dakarun Irish sun taru a bakin bankin River Boyne kusa da Drogheda . Dukansu sun jagoranci jagorancin cewa su kadai ne Sarkin gaskiya na Ingila. Babban karfi da sojojin biyu ba su taba shiga cikin fada ba. Yaƙin Boyne ba ya da kyau a kowace hanya. Ba ma game da Ireland - duk da haka ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin tarihin Irish.
1688 - Girman juyin juya hali
Don bayyana yakin Batun Boyne dole ne ya fara a tushen asalin. King James II na Ingila, mai suna Stuart, ya tayar da hankalin masu zanga zangar Westminster ta hanyar siyasarsa da maƙasudinsa ga cocin Katolika. Nasarawa ga ɗan'uwansa Charles II a matsayin sarki, Yakubu ya riga ya zama shekaru 51 kuma ba sa ran zai wuce. Ko gina wani sarki - ya kasance marayu. Kuma na gaba a kan kursiyin shine Maryamu, Charles 'yarya, ta yi aure ga William - wani dan majalisa a Turai a halin yanzu Stadtholder na (Protestant) na Netherlands.
Yayin da addininsa na iya jin dadin dan lokaci, da'awar James cewa kasancewa mai mulki shine ya sami fuka-fukan ginin gidaje a cikin gida. Kusan shekaru 40 da suka shude, an yanke wani shugaban sarki don neman irin wannan bukata. Bayan watanni hudu bayan James II ya karbi tawaye na farko a karkashin Duke na Monmouth (dan dansa, wanda ba shi da alhaki) ya kasa.
"Hanyoyin Cutar" ya biyo baya, yana maida gida gaskiya na cikakken sarauta.
Sakamakon karshe ya zo ne a ranar 10 ga watan Yuni, 1688, a matsayin Yariman Wales - kamar dai ta hanyar sihiri James ya yi nasara ba da daɗewa ba wajen haifar da mazaunin maza! An tabbatar da maye gurbin Katolika.
Sa'an nan William ya sanya dukan qwai a kwandon daya, ya tafi Ingila ya sauka a Brixham ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba, 1688.
Tabbatar da goyon baya ga mutanen Ingila, William ya tafi London, ya jagoranci ya jefa James daga Ingila. "Girman Juyin Juyin Halitta" ya kasance nasara kuma ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun 13 ne William da Maryamu suka haɗu da sarakuna - bayan da suka sanya hannu a kan Dokar 'Yancin Hakki kuma ta yadda za su iya yin mulkin mallaka.
'Ya'yan Yakubuwa zuwa ga Williamites
Girman juyin juya hali ya rushe Birtaniya a fannin siyasar - magoya bayan "Tsohon Sarki" da yayi alkawarin tsayayya da canjin siyasa da karfi. Sun kasance sun hada da Yakubu, James shine harshen Turanci na sunan Littafi Mai-Tsarki Yakubu. Ba abin mamaki ba ne bayan masu goyon bayan Sarki William ya zama sanannun Willamites.
Don ganin wannan rikice-rikice a matsayin batun addini wani aiki ne maras amfani - ko da yake Katolika na Katolika ya haifar da zato kuma hakan ya haifar dashi. Batutuwan siyasa sun fi muhimmanci. Kuma Protestant William na da goyon bayan Paparoma Innocent XI. Kuma 'yan uwan Turai na William sun fi dacewa daga Ƙungiyar Augsburg - dan gidan mallaka na Faransa-Faransa, amma har da jihohin Katolika.
Warfield Ireland
Ireland ta zama filin wasa ta kusa da hadari - bayan barin Ingila, Yakubu II ya ba William launi a kan farantin azurfa.
Burinsa kawai na sabuntawa ya danganci komawa ga mulkinsa. Kuma wani bangare ne kawai aka dauka a matsayin mai tsaro da jin dadi - Katolika Katolika, yadda Yarjejeniyar Yakubu ta mulkusa.
An ƙaddamar da Tyrconnel don ci gaba da mulki a Ireland kuma ya buga wasan kwaikwayo na kungiyoyi masu tsalle-tsalle da suka hada da William, James da Louis XIV na Faransa.
Tare da taimakon Faransa da goyon bayan soja, James II ya sauka a Kinsale a ranar 12 ga watan Maris, 1689, ya koma ya sake cin nasara a Ireland, fiye da Scotland, sa'an nan Ingila. Da yawa daga cikin nasarorin Yakubu sun biyo baya kuma Siege na Derry ya fara ranar 16 ga watan Afrilu, 'yan William sun yi watsi da babbar matsala. Kuma James ya ci gaba da kafa majalisarsa a Dublin.
Amma yakin basasa na Duke na Schomberg, a wannan lokacin ne Brandenburg general "bashi" zuwa William, kusan ya juyawa halin da ake ciki.
Kuma a ranar 14 ga watan Yuni, 1690, William III ya shiga Ireland a kan shugabannin sojoji 15,000 (mafi yawa na Holland da Danish) - ta amfani da tasirin Carrickfergus kuma zuwa kudu don Dublin ta hanyar Newry da Drogheda.
James II ya yanke shawarar dakatar da wannan shirin ta kare Dublin a kan bankunan River Boyne. Bayanin Drogheda da Tsohon Asibiti na Oldbridge zuwa yamma sun yi kama da kyakkyawar ra'ayi a lokacin.
Yaƙin Boyne a shekarar 1690
A halin da ake ciki a ranar 1 ga watan Yuli, 1690, ya bayyana - William III ya so ya shiga Dublin kuma ya sami hanya a fadin Boyne. Fiye da sauki fiye da yadda aka yi, tare da Drogheda sun yi garkuwa da su kuma sojojin da sojojin Yakubu suka yi ta gagara ta hanyar hawa kusa da Oldbridge Estate shine kawai makasudin cimma. Don haka William ya tafi dakarunsa a can.
Tsayawa don saduwa da shi shi ne sojojin da ke biyayya da James II, jagoran da kansa ya jagoranci. Kuma wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa yakin ya zama sananne: Lokaci ne kawai duk sarakunan biyu sun kasance a fagen yaƙi, suna fuskantar juna (duk da nesa).
Yaƙin da kansa, ko da yake jini yana da yawa, ba babban alkawari ba ne. Yawancin sojoji ne kawai suka "yi yaki" a waje da tsalle-tsalle, wasu kuma suka ragargaza, suna raguwa da wani abokin gaba da ya dawo a fadin wani yanki marar iyaka. Kuma yayin da Yakubuwa (a cikin ka'idar) ya zama wani matsala mai girman gaske, 'yan William sun fi dacewa da rashin daidaituwa ta hanyar kasancewa da yin amfani da bindigogi da kuma manyan sojoji. A cikin 'yan sa'o'i wadannan sojoji, duk da cewa Duke na Schomberg ya rasa, sun gudanar da wani sashi a fadin Boyne, don kaddamar da hare-haren kai hare-haren da kuma tsayar da hanyarsu a cikin kogin, zuwa Dublin.
Kuma a nan an sami matsayin wurin hutawa - William na Orange ke tsallaka Boyne ya zama hoton hoton har yanzu yana yau. Kuma James ya gudu zuwa kudancin, zuwa ƙarshe zuwa Faransa kuma bai dawo ba, ba a manta ko dai. Babu kuma jawabinsa ga Lady Tyrconnel cewa 'yan uwanta sun gudu sosai. A cikin martani ga abin da ta lura cewa ya yi kama da shi.
Amma wanda ya kara da cewa Yakubu bai da nisa ba - musamman ma 'yancin Gaelic Irish' ya sake tabbatar da halin da suke yi don komawa gida lokacin da aka kashe shugabansu. Ma'anar "dalilin" ba wani abu ne mai ban mamaki ba.
Ƙaddamarwa na Ƙarfin Yakubu
Kamar yadda yakin Boyne ba ya da kyau a kowace hanya, yakin ya ci gaba. Mafi mahimmancin gagarumar matsalar ta William - maimakon neman zaman lafiya da sulhuntawa ya raka 'yan Yakubu kuma ya zartar da hukunce-hukuncen hukunci wanda za'a iya yarda da su. Samun zukatan da zukatansu ba shakka ba shi da mahimmanci a kan abin da ya tsara - kuma ta haka ne ya gudanar da hakikanin maganganun abokan gaba. Wanda ya ƙare fiye da shekara guda bayan Limerick.
Yawan Yakubu sunyi ƙoƙari biyu na sake komawa kursiyin domin Stuarts - a 1715 kuma a sake a 1745, na ƙarshe a karkashin mai ban sha'awa amma mai farin ciki "Bonnie Prince Charlie". Bayan kisan gillar dakarunsa a lokacin yakin Culloden (Scotland), hanyar Yakubu ya gudu daga tururi. Amma Culloden ya zama wurin hutawa don Scotland a matsayin yakin Boyne na Ireland.
Yaƙi na Boyne a matsayin Icon Furotesta
Duk da cewa ba a san shi ba ne, yakin Boyne ya zama Furotesta da Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai - wannan yafi yawa ne saboda kasancewar sarakuna biyu a fagen fama. Hoton James na gudu daga William nasara ya kasance mai kyau don tsayayya. Kodayake Furotesta William ya yi yakin Katolika na James tare da goyon bayan Paparoma Innocent XI!
Dokar Orange, wadda aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1790 don adana Harkokin Furotesta, ya yi bikin yaƙin ya zama babban taron na kalanda. Abin da har yanzu yake a yau - ko da yake lamarin da ya faru a cikin watan Maris na faruwa a ranar 12 ga watan Yuli, ba daidai ba rana . Ranar 12 ga watan Yuli wata rana ce ta jama'a a Ireland ta Arewa kuma ana gudanar da zane-zane a cikin tunawa da nasarar William (kawai an shirya Dokar Orange ne kawai a Jamhuriyar - a Rossnowlagh ). Abin ban sha'awa ne, duk da cewa babban rarrabe da kuma rikitarwa a halin. Kuma ko da yaushe fluting da drumming " The Sash da Ubana Ya Kashe " ...
Kuma ziyartar (Furotesta) Belfast zai kawo ku fuska da fuska tare da hotunan hotunan cikin harshen Irish - "King Billy" a cikin gashi mai ja, ya jawo doki mai tsabta, yana nuna takobinsa zuwa ga nasara da kwanciyar hankali mai rinjaye na Protestant . Wannan wakilcin bazai zama tarihi ba daidai ba, amma kowane ɗalibai na Irish zai gane shi nan da nan. A dukkan bangarori na raba. Ya wakilci ba kawai Protestant nasara ba amma har da kusa dangantaka zuwa Ingila.